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Neural language models predict the next token using a latent representation of the immediate token history. Recently, various methods for augmenting neural language models with an attention mechanism over a differentiable memory have been…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-02-16 Michał Daniluk , Tim Rocktäschel , Johannes Welbl , Sebastian Riedel

Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs), which are a powerful scheme for modeling temporal and sequential data need to capture long-term dependencies on datasets and represent them in hidden layers with a powerful model to capture more information…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-06-08 Andros Tjandra , Sakriani Sakti , Ruli Manurung , Mirna Adriani , Satoshi Nakamura

Attention-based sequence-to-sequence models have shown promising results in automatic speech recognition. Using these architectures, one-dimensional input and output sequences are related by an attention approach, thereby replacing more…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-11-21 Parnia Bahar , Albert Zeyer , Ralf Schlüter , Hermann Ney

We have recently shown that deep Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) recurrent neural networks (RNNs) outperform feed forward deep neural networks (DNNs) as acoustic models for speech recognition. More recently, we have shown that the performance…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2015-07-27 Haşim Sak , Andrew Senior , Kanishka Rao , Françoise Beaufays

Recurrent neural networks (RNNs) have shown the ability to improve scene parsing through capturing long-range dependencies among image units. In this paper, we propose dense RNNs for scene labeling by exploring various long-range semantic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-11-13 Heng Fan , Peng Chu , Longin Jan Latecki , Haibin Ling

In the domain of sequence modelling, Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN) have been capable of achieving impressive results in a variety of application areas including visual question answering, part-of-speech tagging and machine translation.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-05-22 Tharindu Fernando , Simon Denman , Aaron McFadyen , Sridha Sridharan , Clinton Fookes

Attention is a very popular and effective mechanism in artificial neural network-based sequence-to-sequence models. In this survey paper, a comprehensive review of the different attention models used in developing automatic speech…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-02-16 Priyabrata Karmakar , Shyh Wei Teng , Guojun Lu

Long-sequence modeling faces a fundamental trade-off between the efficiency of compressive fixed-size memory in RNN-like models and the fidelity of lossless growing memory in attention-based Transformers. Inspired by the Multi-Store Model…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-18 Yunhao Fang , Weihao Yu , Shu Zhong , Qinghao Ye , Xuehan Xiong , Lai Wei

Chinese word segmentation (CWS) is the basic of Chinese natural language processing (NLP). The quality of word segmentation will directly affect the rest of NLP tasks. Recently, with the artificial intelligence tide rising again, Long…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-21 Chen Jin , Zhuangwei Shi , Weihua Li , Yanbu Guo

This paper investigates the impact of word-based RNN language models (RNN-LMs) on the performance of end-to-end automatic speech recognition (ASR). In our prior work, we have proposed a multi-level LM, in which character-based and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-08-09 Takaaki Hori , Jaejin Cho , Shinji Watanabe

Artificial neural networks are powerful models, which have been widely applied into many aspects of machine translation, such as language modeling and translation modeling. Though notable improvements have been made in these areas, the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-09-25 Yiming Cui , Shijin Wang , Jianfeng Li

Electroencephalography (EEG) is a widely used tool for diagnosing brain disorders due to its high temporal resolution, non-invasive nature, and affordability. Manual analysis of EEG is labor-intensive and requires expertise, making…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-19 Salim Rukhsar , Anil Kumar Tiwari

We introduce a novel class of untrained Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) within the Reservoir Computing (RC) paradigm, called Residual Reservoir Memory Networks (ResRMNs). ResRMN combines a linear memory reservoir with a non-linear…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Matteo Pinna , Andrea Ceni , Claudio Gallicchio

In this paper, we propose a novel neural network structure, namely \emph{feedforward sequential memory networks (FSMN)}, to model long-term dependency in time series without using recurrent feedback. The proposed FSMN is a standard…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2016-01-06 Shiliang Zhang , Cong Liu , Hui Jiang , Si Wei , Lirong Dai , Yu Hu

Recurrent large language models that compete with Transformers in language modeling perplexity are emerging at a rapid rate (e.g., Mamba, RWKV). Excitingly, these architectures use a constant amount of memory during inference. However, due…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Simran Arora , Aman Timalsina , Aaryan Singhal , Benjamin Spector , Sabri Eyuboglu , Xinyi Zhao , Ashish Rao , Atri Rudra , Christopher Ré

Recurrent neural networks (RNNs) are a powerful model for sequential data. End-to-end training methods such as Connectionist Temporal Classification make it possible to train RNNs for sequence labelling problems where the input-output…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2013-03-26 Alex Graves , Abdel-rahman Mohamed , Geoffrey Hinton

Vanishing long-term gradients are a major issue in training standard recurrent neural networks (RNNs), which can be alleviated by long short-term memory (LSTM) models with memory cells. However, the extra parameters associated with the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-02-26 Chao Zhang , Philip Woodland

The recurrent neural networks (RNN) can be used to solve the sequence to sequence problem, where both the input and the output have sequential structures. Usually there are some implicit relations between the structures. However, it is hard…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-01-27 Feng Wang , David M. J. Tax

In this paper, we consider several compression techniques for the language modeling problem based on recurrent neural networks (RNNs). It is known that conventional RNNs, e.g, LSTM-based networks in language modeling, are characterized with…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-04-09 Artem M. Grachev , Dmitry I. Ignatov , Andrey V. Savchenko

Past work has long recognized the important role of context in guiding how humans search their memory. While context-based memory models can explain many memory phenomena, it remains unclear why humans develop such architectures over…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2025-06-24 Nikolaus Salvatore , Qiong Zhang