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Since its inception, Rowhammer exploits have rapidly evolved into increasingly sophisticated threats compromising data integrity and the control flow integrity of victim processes. Nevertheless, it remains a challenge for an attacker to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-06 Andrew Adiletta , M. Caner Tol , Kemal Derya , Berk Sunar , Saad Islam

RowHammer is a circuit-level DRAM vulnerability where repeatedly accessing (i.e., hammering) a DRAM row can cause bit flips in physically nearby rows. The RowHammer vulnerability worsens as DRAM cell size and cell-to-cell spacing shrink.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-10-22 Lois Orosa , Abdullah Giray Yağlıkçı , Haocong Luo , Ataberk Olgun , Jisung Park , Hasan Hassan , Minesh Patel , Jeremie S. Kim , Onur Mutlu

Residual cross-talk in superconducting qubit devices creates a security vulnerability for emerging quantum cloud services. We demonstrate a Clifford-only Quantum Rowhammer attack-using just X and CNOT gates-that injects faults on IBM's…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-09 Devon Campbell

Rowhammer attacks have emerged as a significant threat to modern DRAM-based memory systems, leveraging frequent memory accesses to induce bit flips in adjacent memory cells. This work-in-progress paper presents an adaptive, many-sided…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Antoine Plin , Frédéric Fauberteau , Nga Nguyen

Rowhammer is a security vulnerability that allows unauthorized attackers to induce errors within DRAM cells. To prevent fault injections from escalating to successful attacks, a widely accepted mitigation is implementing fault checks on…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-12 Kemal Derya , M. Caner Tol , Berk Sunar

DRAM chips are vulnerable to read disturbance phenomena (e.g., RowHammer and RowPress), where repeatedly accessing or keeping open a DRAM row causes bitflips in nearby rows. Attackers leverage RowHammer bitflips in real systems to take over…

This paper challenges the existing victim-focused counter-based RowHammer detection mechanisms by experimentally demonstrating a novel multi-sided fault injection attack technique called Threshold Breaker. This mechanism can effectively…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-11-29 Ranyang Zhou , Jacqueline Liu , Sabbir Ahmed , Nakul Kochar , Adnan Siraj Rakin , Shaahin Angizi

This paper investigates secure low-cost in-DRAM trackers for mitigating Rowhammer (RH). In-DRAM solutions have the advantage that they can solve the RH problem within the DRAM chip, without relying on other parts of the system. However,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-24 Moinuddin Qureshi , Salman Qazi , Aamer Jaleel

As memory scales down to smaller technology nodes, new failure mechanisms emerge that threaten its correct operation. If such failure mechanisms are not anticipated and corrected, they can not only degrade system reliability and…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2017-03-03 Onur Mutlu

The security of applications hinges on the trustworthiness of the operating system, as applications rely on the OS to protect code and data. As a result, multiple protections for safeguarding the integrity of kernel code and data are being…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-05-16 Salessawi Ferede Yitbarek , Todd Austin

Inter-VM RowHammer is an attack that induces a bitflip beyond the boundaries of virtual machines (VMs) to compromise a VM from another, and some software-based techniques have been proposed to mitigate this attack. Evaluating these…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Hidemasa Kawasaki , Soramichi Akiyama

In the past decade, many vulnerabilities were discovered in microarchitectures which yielded attack vectors and motivated the study of countermeasures. Further, architectural and physical imperfections in DRAMs led to the discovery of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-04-15 Andrew J. Adiletta , M. Caner Tol , Yarkın Doröz , Berk Sunar

The Rowhammer vulnerability continues to get worse, with the Rowhammer Threshold (TRH) reducing from 139K activations to 4.8K activations over the last decade. Typical Rowhammer mitigations rely on tracking aggressor rows. The number of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-11-08 Anish Saxena , Moinuddin Qureshi

Cloud providers are concerned that Rowhammer poses a potentially critical threat to their servers, yet today they lack a systematic way to test whether the DRAM used in their servers is vulnerable to Rowhammer attacks. This paper presents…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-03-11 Lucian Cojocar , Jeremie Kim , Minesh Patel , Lillian Tsai , Stefan Saroiu , Alec Wolman , Onur Mutlu

Vulnerabilities emanating from DRAM errors pose a vexing problem that remains, as of yet, unsolved and elusive but cannot be ignored. Prior defenses focused on specific details of early RowHammer attacks and fail to generalize with the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Manuel Wiesinger , Daniel Dorfmeister , Stefan Brunthaler

We demonstrate a hardware vulnerability in quantum computing systems by exploiting cross-talk effects on an available commercial quantum computer (IBM). Specifically, based on the cross-talk produced by certain quantum gates, we implement a…

The purpose of this document is to study the security properties of the Silver Bullet algorithm against worst-case RowHammer attacks. We mathematically demonstrate that Silver Bullet, when properly configured and implemented in a DRAM chip,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-06-17 Abdullah Giray Yağlıkçı , Jeremie S. Kim , Fabrice Devaux , Onur Mutlu

RowHammer is a vulnerability inside DRAM chips where an attacker repeatedly accesses a DRAM row to flip bits in the nearby rows without directly accessing them. Several studies have found that flipping bits in the address part inside a page…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Keigo Yoshioka , Soramichi Akiyama

After years of development, FPGAs are finally making an appearance on multi-tenant cloud servers. These heterogeneous FPGA-CPU architectures break common assumptions about isolation and security boundaries. Since the FPGA and CPU…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-02-20 Zane Weissman , Thore Tiemann , Daniel Moghimi , Evan Custodio , Thomas Eisenbarth , Berk Sunar

As Dynamic Random Access Memories (DRAM) scale, they are becoming increasingly susceptible to Row Hammer. By rapidly activating rows of DRAM cells (aggressor rows), attackers can exploit inter-cell interference through Row Hammer to flip…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-03-19 Jeonghyun Woo , Gururaj Saileshwar , Prashant J. Nair