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We study coherent backscattering of a quasi-monochromatic laser by a dilute gas of cold two-level atoms. We consider the perturbative regime of weak intensities, where nonlinear effects arise from {\em inelastic} two-photon scattering…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 T. Wellens , B. Gremaud , D. Delande , C. Miniatura

We theoretically investigate photo-excitation of electron-hole pairs and high harmonic generation in the bulk of zinc oxide (ZnO) subjected to intense femto-second laser pulses with mid-infrared wavelength. The main microscopic mechanism of…

Optics · Physics 2025-07-15 Boyan Obreshkov , Tzveta Apostolova

Light interference in strongly disordered photonic media can generate lasers where random modes are amplified in unpredictable way. The ease of fabrication, along with their low coherence caused by multiple small-linewidth peaks, made…

Optics · Physics 2020-07-30 Niccolò Caselli , Antonio Consoli , Angel Maria Mateos , Cefe López

We experimentally studied the spatial coherence of random laser emission from dye solutions containing nanoparticles. The spatial coherence, measured in a double-slit experiment, varied significantly with the density of scatterers and the…

Optics · Physics 2017-03-30 Brandon Redding , Michael A. Choma , Hui Cao

A new kind of mechanism of lasing is investigated experimentally. It is quite different from the traditional laser with cavity and the random laser with random scattering. In this mechanism, the intensity-dependent refractive index effect…

Optics · Physics 2013-06-28 Jinwei Shi , Shujing Chen , Wenjun Fan , Xiangyu Kong , Dahe Liu , Lily Zu

Phase matching is essential for efficient energy transfer in nonlinear wave-mixing processes. Traditional methods, such as birefringent and quasi-phase matching, have remained conceptually unchanged since their discovery over 60 years ago,…

Optics · Physics 2026-02-23 Danielle Ben-Haim , Mai Tal , Xiaoxi Xu , Tal Ellenbogen

We show that the nonlinear optical response reflects sensitively the electronic structure of transition-metal surfaces and interfaces. $d$ and $s$ electrons may contribute rather differently to the second harmonic generation (SHG) signal.…

Condensed Matter · Physics 2007-05-23 W. H"ubner , K. H. Bennemann , K. Böhmer

We theoretically study high-order harmonic generation (HHG) from solid-phase systems in spatially inhomogeneous strong laser fields originated by resonant plasmons within a metallic nanostructure. The intensity of the second plateau in HHG…

Optics · Physics 2016-09-12 Tao-Yuan Du , Zhong Guan , Xiao-Xin Zhou , Xue-Bin Bian

High harmonic generation (HHG) in solids could enable attosecond and ultraviolet light sources with high compactness, great controllability and rich functions. However, the HHG process is accompanied by a quite large wavevector mismatch…

Second-harmonic generation (SHG) is a quintessential probe of inversion symmetry breaking in condensed matter. While perturbative $\chi^{(2)}$ processes are well-documented, the nonperturbative regime under intense driving remains largely…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2026-04-08 Keisuke Kitayama , Masao Ogata

We demonstrate second order optical nonlinearity in aluminum nitride on insulator substrates. Using sputter-deposited aluminum nitride thin films we realize nanophotonic waveguides coupled to micro-ring resonators that simultaneously…

Optics · Physics 2012-06-13 W. H. P. Pernice , C. Xiong , C. Schuck , H. X. Tang

We provide a complete toolkit for coherent control experiments on the nano-scale. By exploiting the second harmonic emission from single (150 nm) nonlinear nano-particles, we show that ultrafast femtosecond laser pulses can be compressed…

We report the observation of optical second harmonic generation (SHG) in single-layer indium selenide (InSe). We measure a second harmonic signal of $>10^3$ $\textrm{cts/s}$ under nonresonant excitation using a home-built confocal…

Second-harmonic generation (SHG) is a powerful surface-specific probe for centrosymmetric materials, with broad relevance to energy and biological interfaces. Plasmonic nanomaterials have been extensively utilized to amplify this nonlinear…

We develop a green light source with low spatial coherence via intracavity frequency doubling of a solid-state degenerate laser. The second harmonic emission supports many more transverse modes than the fundamental emission, and exhibit…

High harmonic generation (HHG) is a powerful probe of electron dynamics on attosecond to femtosecond timescales and has been successfully used to detect electronic and structural changes in solid-state quantum materials, including…

Materials Science · Physics 2026-01-21 Daniel A. Rehn , Towfiq Ahmed , Jinkyoung Yoo , Rohit Prasankumar , Jian-Xin Zhu

We report a systematic investigation into the processes behind a near hundredfold enhanced second harmonic wave generated from a laser-induced air plasma, by examining the temporal dynamics of the frequency conversion processes, and the…

High-harmonic generation is a light up-conversion process occurring in a strong laser field, leading to coherent bursts of extreme ultrashort broadband radiation [1]. As a new perspective, we propose that ultrafast strong-field electronic…

Second-order nonlinear optical responses, including photogalvanic effect (PGE) and second harmonic generation (SHG), are important physical phenomena in nonlinear optics. The PGE (SHG) related to linearly and circularly polarized light are…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2023-06-01 Yuan Liu , Zhen-Gang Zhu , Gang Su

Second harmonic generation (SHG) is a nonlinear optical response arising exclusively from broken inversion symmetry in the electric-dipole limit. Recently, SHG has attracted widespread interest as a versatile and noninvasive tool for…