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In this note we observe that, contrary to the usual lore, string orbifolds do not describe strings on quotient spaces, but rather seem to describe strings on objects called quotient stacks, a result that follows from simply unraveling…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-11-07 Eric Sharpe

We prove that on 2-connected closed oriented manifolds, the analytic and algebraic constructions of an IBL$_\infty$ structure associated to a closed oriented manifold coincide. The corresponding structure is invariant under orientation…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2023-12-20 Kai Cieliebak , Pavel Hajek , Evgeny Volkov

This paper introduces a string-based extension of the Borsuk-Ulam Theorem (denoted by strBUT). A string is a region with zero width and either bounded or unbounded length on the surface of an $n$-sphere or a region of a normed linear space.…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2016-06-14 J. F. Peters , A. Tozzi

We present a finite-dimensional and smooth formulation of string structures on spin bundles. It uses trivializations of the Chern-Simons 2-gerbe associated to this bundle. Our formulation is particularly suitable to deal with string…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2013-12-10 Konrad Waldorf

For a spectrum $X$ represented by a special $\Gamma$-space $Y$ via the Segal machine, we give an elementary formula computing the homology groups of $X$ in terms of $Y$. Both the result and the method of proof are essentially due to T.…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2014-12-08 D. Kaledin

The string bracket introduced by Chas and Sullivan [math.GT/9911159] is reinterpreted from the point of view of topological field theories in the Batalin-Vilkovisky or BRST formalisms. Namely, topological action functionals for gauge fields…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2009-11-07 Alberto S. Cattaneo , Juerg Froehlich , Bill Pedrini

We show that the mod $\ell$ cohomology of any finite group of Lie type in characteristic $p$ different from $\ell$ admits the structure of a module over the mod $\ell$ cohomology of the free loop space of the classifying space $BG$ of the…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2026-03-30 Jesper Grodal , Anssi Lahtinen

Exact superstring solutions are constructed in 4-D space-time, with positive curvature and non-trivial dilaton and antisymmetric tensor fields. The full spectrum of string excitations is derived as a function of moduli fields $T^{i}$ and…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2016-09-06 Elias Kiritsis , Costas Kounnas

We establish the general machinery of string topology for differentiable stacks. This machinery allows us to treat on an equal footing free loops in stacks and hidden loops. In particular, we give a good notion of a free loop stack, and of…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2011-01-05 Kai Behrend , Grégory Ginot , Behrang Noohi , Ping Xu

Twenty years ago, Mumford initiated the systematic study of the cohomology ring of moduli spaces of Riemann surfaces. Around the same time, Harer proved that the homology of the mapping class groups of oriented surfaces is independent of…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Ulrike Tillmann

F\'{e}lix and Thomas developed string topology of Chas and Sullivan on simply-connected Gorenstein spaces. In this paper, we prove that the degree shifted homology of the free loop space of a simply-connected ${\mathbb Q}$-Gorenstein space…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2013-01-10 Takahito Naito

We demonstrate that string consistency in four spacetime dimensions leads to a spectrum of string states which satisfies the supertrace constraints Str(M^0)=0 and Str(M^2)=\Lambda at tree level, where \Lambda is the one-loop string…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-10-28 Keith R. Dienes , Moshe Moshe , Robert C. Myers

We introduce a common domain of definition for the loop product and the loop coproduct, reduced loop homology, on which they combine to a unital infinitesimal anti-symmetric bialgebra structure. In particular, a relation conjectured by…

Symplectic Geometry · Mathematics 2026-04-15 Kai Cieliebak , Alexandru Oancea

Examples of non-trivial higher string topology operations have been regrettably rare in the literature. In this paper, working in the context of string topology of classifying spaces, we provide explicit calculations of a wealth of…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2017-10-18 Anssi Lahtinen

We explore the connection between super $\mathcal{W}$-algebras ($\mathcal{SW}$-algebras) and $\mathrm{G}$-structures with torsion. The former are realised as symmetry algebras of strings with $\mathcal{N}=(1,0)$ supersymmetry on the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-05-28 Xenia de la Ossa , Mateo Galdeano , Enrico Marchetto

We explain how to calculate link homology for a Lie algebra $\mathfrak{g}$ using the Fukaya category associated to a 2d A-model. Links are represented as configurations of particular A-branes and link homology is given by Homs between these…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2023-07-17 Elise LePage

Cylindrically symmetric inhomogeneous string cosmological models are investigated in presence of string fluid as a source of matter. To get the three types of exact solutions of Einstein's field equations we assume $A = f(x)k(t)$, $B =…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-12-20 Anil Kumar Yadav , Vineet Kumar Yadav , Lallan Yadav

We study the evolution of non-linear spherically symmetric inhomogeneities in string cosmology. Friedmann solutions of different spatial curvature are matched to produce solutions which describe the evolution of non-linear density and…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-10-30 John D. Barrow , Kerstin E. Kunze

We review and compare the integrable structures in N=4 gauge theory and string theory on AdS5xS5. Recently, Bethe ansaetze for gauge theory/weak coupling and string theory/strong coupling were proposed to describe scaling dimensions in the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2011-03-23 Niklas Beisert

We construct a model for the string group as an infinite-dimensional Lie group. In a second step we extend this model by a contractible Lie group to a Lie 2-group model. To this end we need to establish some facts on the homotopy theory of…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2014-01-08 Thomas Nikolaus , Christoph Sachse , Christoph Wockel