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In this paper we investigate the extremal relationship between two well-studied graph parameters: the order of the largest homogeneous set in a graph $G$ and the maximal number of distinct degrees appearing in an induced subgraph of $G$,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-12-01 Eoin Long , Laurentiu Ploscaru

We improve the best known upper bound on the number of edges in a unit-distance graph on $n$ vertices for each $n\in\{16,\ldots,30\}$. When $n\leq 21$, our bounds match the best known lower bounds, and we fully enumerate the densest…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-02-14 Boris Alexeev , Dustin G. Mixon , Hans Parshall

The imbalance of an edge $e=\{u,v\}$ in a graph is defined as $i(e)=|d(u)-d(v)|$, where $d(\cdot)$ is the vertex degree. The irregularity $I(G)$ of $G$ is then defined as the sum of imbalances over all edges of $G$. This concept was…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-08-20 Felix Goldberg

Let $\mathcal{H}$ be an $r$-uniform hypergraph and $F$ be a graph. We say $\mathcal{H}$ contains $F$ as a trace if there exists some set $S\subseteq V(\mathcal{H})$ such that $\mathcal{H}|_{S}:=\{E\cap S: E\in E(\mathcal{H})\}$ contains a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-06-14 Bingchen Qian , Gennian Ge

A graph $G$ is $F$-free if $G$ does not contain $F$ as a subgraph. Let $\rho(G)$ be the spectral radius of a graph $G$. Let $\theta(1,p,q)$ denote the theta graph, which is obtained by connecting two distinct vertices with three internally…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-11-22 Yuxiang Liu , Ligong Wang

Write $\rho\left( G\right) $ for the spectral radius of a graph $G$ and $S_{n,r}$ for the join $K_{r}\vee\overline{K}_{n-r}.$ Let $n>r\geq2$ and $G$ be a $K_{r+1}$-saturated graph of order $n.$ Recently Kim, Kim, Kostochka, and O determined…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-02-11 V. Nikiforov

We generalize the notions of Laplacian and signless Laplacian Estrada index to uniform hypergraphs. For an $r$-uniform hypergraph $H,$ we derive an order $r+1$ trace formula of the (signless) Laplacian tensor of $H.$ Among others by using…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-06-02 Cunxiang Duan , Edwin R. van Dam , Ligong Wang

In this work, we develop a spectral theory for hypergraph limits. We prove the convergence of the spectra of adjacency and Laplacian matrices for hypergraph sequences converging in the $1$-cut metric. On the other hand, we give examples of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-11-06 Ágnes Backhausz , Christian Kuehn , Sjoerd van der Niet , Giulio Zucal

Let $G$ be a graph and $T$ be a spanning tree of $G$. We use $Q(G)=D(G)+A(G)$ to denote the signless Laplacian matrix of $G$, where $D(G)$ is the diagonal degree matrix of $G$ and $A(G)$ is the adjacency matrix of $G$. The signless…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-03-24 Jiancheng Wu , Sizhong Zhou , Hongxia Liu

Signed graphs have their edges labeled either as positive or negative. $\rho(M)$ denote the $M$-spectral radius of $\Sigma$, where $M=M(\Sigma)$ is a real symmetric graph matrix of $\Sigma$. Obviously,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-01-19 Dan Li , Huiqiu Lin , Jixiang Meng

Let $G$ be a simple graph or hypergraph, and let $A(G),L(G),Q(G)$ be the adjacency, Laplacian and signless Laplacian tensors of $G$ respectively. The largest $H$-eigenvalues (resp., the spectral radii) of $L(G),Q(G)$ are denoted…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-09-07 Yi-Zheng Fan , Murad-ul-Islam Khan , Ying-Ying Tan

Let G be a simple connected graph of order n with degree sequence d_1, d_2, ..., d_n in non-increasing order. The spectral radius rho(G) of G is the largest eigenvalue of its adjacency matrix. For each positive integer L at most n, we give…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-08-10 Chia-an Liu , Chih-wen Weng

A $(k+r)$-uniform hypergraph $H$ on $(k+m)$ vertices is an $(r,m,k)$-daisy if there exists a partition of the vertices $V(H)=K\cup M$ with $|K|=k$, $|M|=m$ such that the set of edges of $H$ is all the $(k+r)$-tuples $K\cup P$, where $P$ is…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-06-19 Marcelo Sales

In this paper we investigate the hypergraphs whose spectral radii attain the maximum among all uniform hypergraphs with given number of edges. In particular we characterize the hypergraph(s) with maximum spectral radius over all unicyclic…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-09-07 Yi-Zheng Fan , Ying-Ying Tan , Xi-Xi Peng , An-Hong Liu

We prove for all $k\geq 4$ and $1\leq\ell<k/2$ the sharp minimum $(k-2)$-degree bound for a $k$-uniform hypergraph $\mathcal H$ on $n$ vertices to contain a Hamiltonian $\ell$-cycle if $k-\ell$ divides $n$ and $n$ is sufficiently large.…

Let $H$ be a $k$-uniform hypergraph on $n$ vertices where $n$ is a sufficiently large integer not divisible by $k$. We prove that if the minimum $(k-1)$-degree of $H$ is at least $\lfloor n/k \rfloor$, then $H$ contains a matching with…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-10-08 Jie Han

We give upper and lower bounds for the spectral radius of a nonnegative matrix by using its average 2-row sums, and characterize the equality cases if the matrix is irreducible. We also apply these bounds to various nonnegative matrices…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-05-30 Rundan Xing , Bo Zhou

Erd\H{o}s and Lov\'asz noticed that an $r$-uniform intersecting hypergraph $H$ with maximal covering number, that is $\tau(H)=r$, must have at least $\frac{8}{3}r-3$ edges. There has been no improvement on this lower bound for 45 years. We…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-01-19 János Barát

We present progress on the problem of asymptotically describing the adjacency eigenvalues of random and complete uniform hypergraphs. There is a natural conjecture arising from analogy with random matrix theory that connects these spectra…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-01-10 Joshua Cooper

Let $H$ be an $n$-vertex 3-uniform hypergraph such that every pair of vertices is in at least $n/3+o(n)$ edges. We show that $H$ contains two vertex-disjoint tight paths whose union covers the vertex set of $H$. The quantity two here is…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-05-05 Jie Han