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Over a decade ago, a group of supernova explosions with peak luminosities far exceeding (often by >100) those of normal events, has been identified. These superluminous supernovae (SLSNe) have been a focus of intensive study. I review the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-09-10 Avishay Gal-Yam

Supernovae (SNe) are stellar explosions driven by gravitational or thermonuclear energy, observed as electromagnetic radiation emitted over weeks or more. In all known SNe, this radiation comes from internal energy deposited in the…

Superluminous supernovae (SLSNe) are among the most energetic stellar explosions, yet their central power source remains uncertain. Models invoking magnetar spin-down or circumstellar interaction predict GeV gamma-ray emission once the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-04-21 Milena Crnogorčević , Tim Linden , Ariel Goobar , Brian D. Metzger

We present ultraviolet (UV) spectroscopy and photometry of four Type Ia supernovae (SNe 2004dt, 2004ef, 2005M, and 2005cf) obtained with the UV prism of the Advanced Camera for Surveys on the Hubble Space Telescope. This dataset provides…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-05-30 Xiaofeng Wang , Lifan Wang , Alexei V. Filippenko , Eddie Baron , Markus Kromer , Dennis Jack , Tianmeng Zhang , Greg Aldering , Pierre Antilogus , David Arnett , Dietrich Baade , Brian J. Barris , Stefano Benetti , Patrice Bouchet , Adam S. Burrows , Ramon Canal , Enrico Cappellaro , Raymond Carlberg , Elisa di Carlo , Peter Challis , Arlin Crotts , John I. Danziger , Massimo Della Valle , Michael Fink , Ryan J. Foley , Claes Fransson , Avishay Gal-Yam , Peter Garnavich , Chris L. Gerardy , Gerson Goldhaber , Mario Hamuy , Wolfgang Hillebrandt , Peter A. Hoeflich , Stephen T. Holland , Daniel E. Holz , John P. Hughes , David J. Jeffery , Saurabh W. Jha , Dan Kasen , Alexei M. Khokhlov , Robert P. Kirshner , Robert Knop , Cecilia Kozma , Kevin Krisciunas , Brian C. Lee , Bruno Leibundgut , Eric J. Lentz , Douglas C. Leonard , Walter H. G. Lewin , Weidong Li , Mario Livio , Peter Lundqvist , Dan Maoz , Thomas Matheson , Paolo Mazzali , Peter Meikle , Gajus Miknaitis , Peter Milne , Stefan Mochnacki , Ken'Ichi Nomoto , Peter E. Nugent , Elaine Oran , Nino Panagia , Saul Perlmutter , Mark M. Phillips , Philip Pinto , Dovi Poznanski , Christopher J. Pritchet , Martin Reinecke , Adam Riess , Pilar Ruiz-Lapuente , Richard Scalzo , Eric M. Schlegel , Brian Schmidt , James Siegrist , Alicia M. Soderberg , Jesper Sollerman , George Sonneborn , Anthony Spadafora , Jason Spyromilio , Richard A. Sramek , Sumner G. Starrfield , Louis G. Strolger , Nicholas B. Suntzeff , Rollin Thomas , John L. Tonry , Amedeo Tornambe , James W. Truran , Massimo Turatto , Michael Turner , Schuyler D. Van Dyk , Kurt Weiler , J. Craig Wheeler , Michael Wood-Vasey , Stan Woosley , Hitoshi Yamaoka

In this paper, we present extensive optical and ultraviolet (UV) observations of the type Ia supernova (SN Ia) 2013gs discovered during the Tsinghua-NAOC Transient Survey. The photometric observations in the optical show that the light…

The discovery of double-peaked light curves in some superluminous supernovae offers an important new clue to their origins. We examine the published photometry of all Type Ic SLSNe, finding 14 objects with constraining data or limits around…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2016-03-16 M. Nicholl , S. J. Smartt

We present well-sampled optical observations of the bright Type Ia supernova (SN~Ia) SN 2011fe in M101. Our data, starting from $\sim16$ days before maximum light and extending to $\sim463$ days after maximum, provide an unprecedented time…

With a booming number of Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) discovered within a few days of their explosions, a fraction of SNe Ia that show luminosity excess in the early phase (early-excess SNe Ia) have been confirmed. In this article, we report…

2003fg-like Type Ia supernovae (03fg-like SNe Ia) are rare subtype of SNe Ia, photometrically characterized by broader optical light curves and bluer ultraviolet (UV) colors compared to normal SNe Ia. In this work, we study four 03fg-like…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-09-17 Snehasish Bhattacharjee , Yen-Chen Pan , Hao-Yu Miao , Charles D. Kilpatrick , Willem B. Hoogendam , Katie Auchettl , Aaron Do , Yossef Zenati

Transient surveys have recently discovered a class of supernovae (SNe) with extremely rapidly declining light curves. These events are also often relatively faint, especially compared to Type Ia SNe. The common explanation for these events…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-17 Io Kleiser , Daniel Kasen

Superluminous supernovae (SLSNe) have been detected to $z\sim4$ and can be detected to $z\gtrsim15$ using current and upcoming facilities. SLSNe are extremely UV luminous, and hence objects at $z\gtrsim7$ are detected exclusively via their…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-03-15 Nandita Khetan , Jeff Cooke , Marica Branchesi

The near-maximum spectra of most superluminous supernovae that are not dominated by interaction with a H-rich CSM (SLSN-I) are characterised by a blue spectral peak and a series of absorption lines which have been identified as OII.…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-08-14 P. A. Mazzali , M. Sullivan , E. Pian , J. Greiner , D. A. Kann

Wide-field surveys are discovering a growing number of rare transients whose physical origin is not yet well understood. Here, we present optical and UV data and analysis of iPTF16asu, a luminous, rapidly-evolving, high velocity,…

We present extensive photometry at ultraviolet (UV), optical, and near-infrared (NIR) wavelengths, as well as dense sampling of optical spectra, for the normal type Ia supernova (SN Ia) 2005cf. From the well-sampled light curves, we find…

Superluminous supernovae (SLSNe) are a distinct class of stellar explosions, exhibiting peak luminosities 10-100 times brighter than those of normal SNe. Their extreme luminosities cannot be explained by the radioactive decay of…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-01-16 Jinghao Zhang , Yacheng Kang , Jiahang Zhong , Hong-Bo Li , Liang-Duan Liu , Yun-Wei Yu , Lijing Shao

We present nebular-phase imaging and spectroscopy for the hydrogen-poor superluminous supernova SN 2015bn, at redshift z=0.1136, spanning +250-400 d after maximum light. The light curve exhibits a steepening in the decline rate from 1.4…

We present observations of SN 2015bn (= PS15ae = CSS141223-113342+004332 = MLS150211-113342+004333), a Type I superluminous supernova (SLSN) at redshift $z=0.1136$. As well as being one of the closest SLSNe I yet discovered, it is…

Over time, core-collapse supernova (CCSN) spectra become redder due to dust formation and cooling of the SN ejecta. A UV detection of a CCSN at late times thus indicates an additional physical process such as interaction between the SN…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-01-08 Anne Inkenhaag , Peter G. Jonker , Andrew J. Levan , Morgan Fraser , Joseph D. Lyman , Lluís Galbany , Hanindyo Kuncarayakti

We present observations of two new hydrogen-poor superluminous supernovae (SLSN-I), iPTF15esb and iPTF16bad, showing late-time H-alpha emission with line luminosities of (1-3)e+41 erg/s and velocity widths of (4000-6000) km/s. Including the…

SN2017egm is the closest (z=0.03) H-poor superluminous supernova (SLSN-I) detected to date, and a rare example of an SLSN-I in a massive and metal-rich galaxy. Here we present the HST UV & optical spectra covering (1000 - 5500)A taken at +3…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-05-23 Lin Yan , D. A. Perley , A. De Cia , R. Quimby , R. Lunnan , Kate H. R. Rubin , P. J. Brown