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A routing labeling scheme assigns a binary string, called a label, to each node in a network, and chooses a distinct port number from $\{1,\ldots,d\}$ for every edge outgoing from a node of degree $d$. Then, given the labels of $u$ and $w$…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-03-17 Paweł Gawrychowski , Wojciech Janczewski , Jakub Łopuszański

We construct asymptotically optimal adjacency labelling schemes for every hereditary class containing $2^{\Omega(n^2)}$ $n$-vertex graphs as $n\to \infty$. This regime contains many classes of interest, for instance perfect graphs or…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-06-04 Marthe Bonamy , Louis Esperet , Carla Groenland , Alex Scott

We study the problem of computing shortest path or distance between two query vertices in a graph, which has numerous important applications. Quite a number of indexes have been proposed to answer such distance queries. However, all of…

Databases · Computer Science 2012-11-13 Ada Wai-Chee Fu , Huanhuan Wu , James Cheng , Shumo Chu , Raymond Chi-Wing Wong

Distance labeling is a preprocessing technique introduced by Peleg [Journal of Graph Theory, 33(3)] to speed up distance queries in large networks. Herein, each vertex receives a (short) label and, the distance between two vertices can be…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2014-08-01 Mathias Weller

A graph is called a sum graph if its vertices can be labelled by distinct positive integers such that there is an edge between two vertices if and only if the sum of their labels is the label of another vertex of the graph. Most papers on…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-01-06 Henning Fernau , Kshitij Gajjar

Given an undirected $n$-vertex planar graph $G=(V,E,\omega)$ with non-negative edge weight function $\omega:E\rightarrow \mathbb R$ and given an assigned label to each vertex, a vertex-labeled distance oracle is a data structure which for…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-10-04 Jacob Evald , Viktor Fredslund-Hansen , Christian Wulff-Nilsen

In this paper we look at the problem of adjacency labeling of graphs. Given a family of undirected graphs the problem is to determine an encoding-decoding scheme for each member of the family such that we can decode the adjacency…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2022-01-27 Avah Banerjee

Boundary labeling is a well-known method for displaying short textual labels for a set of point features in a figure alongside the boundary of that figure. Labels and their corresponding points are connected via crossing-free leaders. We…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2024-09-06 Annika Bonerath , Martin Nöllenburg , Soeren Terziadis , Markus Wallinger , Jules Wulms

An adjacency labeling scheme is a method that assigns labels to the vertices of a graph such that adjacency between vertices can be inferred directly from the assigned label, without using a centralized data structure. We devise adjacency…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2015-02-16 Casper Petersen , Noy Rotbart , Jakob Grue Simonsen , Christian Wulff-Nilsen

An ancestry labeling scheme assigns labels (bit strings) to the nodes of rooted trees such that ancestry queries between any two nodes in a tree can be answered merely by looking at their corresponding labels. The quality of an ancestry…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2009-09-16 Pierre Fraigniaud , Amos Korman

A proper labeling of a graph is an assignment of integers to some elements of a graph, which may be the vertices, the edges, or both of them, such that we obtain a proper vertex coloring via the labeling subject to some conditions. The…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2017-01-25 Ali Dehghan , Mohammad-Reza Sadeghi , Arash Ahadi

We consider two fundamental communication tasks in arbitrary radio networks: broadcasting (information from one source has to reach all nodes) and gossiping (every node has a message and all messages have to reach all nodes). Nodes are…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-10-11 Adam Gańczorz , Tomasz Jurdziński , Andrzej Pelc

We show how to assign labels of size $\tilde O(1)$ to the vertices of a directed planar graph $G$, such that from the labels of any three vertices $s,t,f$ we can deduce in $\tilde O(1)$ time whether $t$ is reachable from $s$ in the graph…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-07-17 Shiri Chechik , Shay Mozes , Oren Weimann

The bandwidth of a graph G is the minimum of the maximum difference between adjacent labels when the vertices have distinct integer labels. We provide a polynomial algorithm to produce an optimal bandwidth labeling for graphs in a special…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Le Tu Quoc Hung , Maciej M. Syslo , Margaret L. Weaver , Douglas B. West

A graph labeling assigns values to the components of a graph (vertices, edges, etc.). In particular, distance magic labelings have been widely studied in undirected graphs. In such a labeling, the vertices are labeled with unique values…

The Planar Graph Metric Compression Problem is to compactly encode the distances among $k$ nodes in a planar graph of size $n$. Two na\"ive solutions are to store the graph using $O(n)$ bits, or to explicitly store the distance matrix with…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-03-16 Amir Abboud , Pawel Gawrychowski , Shay Mozes , Oren Weimann

In 1989, Ne\v{s}et\v{r}il and Pudl\'ak posed the following challenging question: Do planar posets have bounded Boolean dimension? We show that every poset with a planar cover graph and a unique minimal element has Boolean dimension at most…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-12-20 Heather Smith Blake , Piotr Micek , William T. Trotter

Answering exact shortest path distance queries is a fundamental task in graph theory. Despite a tremendous amount of research on the subject, there is still no satisfactory solution that can scale to billion-scale complex networks.…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-02-18 Muhammad Farhan , Qing Wang , Yu Lin , Brendan Mckay

Boundary labeling is a technique in computational geometry used to label sets of features in an illustration. It involves placing labels along an axis-parallel bounding box and connecting each label with its corresponding feature using…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2025-05-08 Thomas Depian , Martin Nöllenburg , Soeren Terziadis , Markus Wallinger

The \emph{distance-number} of a graph $G$ is the minimum number of distinct edge-lengths over all straight-line drawings of $G$ in the plane. This definition generalises many well-known concepts in combinatorial geometry. We consider the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2008-09-09 Paz Carmi , Vida Dujmović , Pat Morin , David R. Wood