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Phase retrieval is at the heart of adaptive optics and modern high-resolution imaging. Without phase information, optical systems are limited to intensity-only measurements, hindering full reconstruction of object structures and wavefront…

The last decade has witnessed a rapid advancement in laser technology, enabling the direct monitoring and control of electronic motion on its natural attosecond to sub-femtosecond timescales. Ultrafast processes are conventionally studied…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2026-05-27 Torsha Moitra

Accessing both amplitude and phase of nuclear response functions is central to fully characterizing light-matter interactions in the X-ray-nuclear regime. Recent work has demonstrated phase retrieval in two-dimensional time- and…

Scattering measurements with incident linearly polarized $\gamma$ rays provide information on spins, parities, and $\gamma$-ray multipolarity mixing coefficients, and, therefore, on the nuclear matrix elements involved in the transitions.…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2021-06-18 Christian Iliadis , Udo Friman-Gayer

Streaking of photoelectrons has long been used for the temporal characterization of attosecond extreme ultraviolet pulses. When the time-resolved photoelectrons originate from a coherent superposition of electronic states, they carry an…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2016-07-27 Markus Kowalewski , Kochise Bennett , Jérémy R. Rouxel , Shaul Mukamel

X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy was used to probe the diffusive dynamics of colloidal particles in a shear flow. Combining X-ray techniques with microfluidics is an experimental strategy that reduces the risk of x-ray induced beam…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2008-03-11 Andrei Fluerasu , Abdellatif Moussaid , Henri Gleyzolle , Peter Falus , Anders Madsen

Light-matter interaction is exploited in spectroscopic techniques to access information about molecular, atomic or nuclear constituents of the sample of interest. While scattered light carries both amplitude and phase information of the…

We present the implementation of an electronic-structure approach dedicated to ionization dynamics of molecules interacting with x-ray free-electron laser (XFEL) pulses. In our scheme, molecular orbitals for molecular core-hole states are…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2015-05-18 Yajiang Hao , Ludger Inhester , Kota Hanasaki , Sang-Kil Son , Robin Santra

The experimental results relevant for the understanding of the microscopic dynamics in liquid metals are reviewed, with special regards to the ones achieved in the last two decades. Inelastic Neutron Scattering played a major role since the…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2009-11-11 Tullio Scopigno , Giancarlo Ruocco , Francesco Sette

Improving our understanding of electron dynamics is essential for advancing energy transfer, optoelectronics, light harvesting systems and quantum computing. Recent developments in attosecond x-ray sources provide the fundamental…

Computational Physics · Physics 2025-11-26 Maksim Radionov , Daria Popova-Gorelova

Phase transitions ruled by nucleation and growth can occur by nonrandom arrangement of nuclei. This is verified, for instance, in thin film growth at solid surfaces by vapor condensation or by electrodeposition where, around each nucleus, a…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-06-11 M. Tomellini

Time-resolved X-ray scattering patterns from photoexcited molecules in solution are in many cases anisotropic at the ultrafast time scales accessible at X-ray Free Electron Lasers (XFELs). This anisotropy arises from the interaction of a…

The development of intense high-energy radiation sources and the improvement of techniques for detecting charged fragments have made possible experiments on multiple ionization of a molecule with registration of the momentum and charge of…

Time-resolved photoemission spectroscopy is the key technique to probe the real-time non-equilibrium dynamics of electronic states. Theoretical predictions of the time dependent spectral function for realistic systems is however, a…

Computational Physics · Physics 2024-05-24 Cian Reeves , Vojtech Vlcek

We assess the performance of different protocols for simulating excited-state X-ray absorption spectra. We consider three different protocols based on equation-of-motion coupled-cluster singles and doubles, two of them combined with the…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2022-11-24 Shota Tsuru , Marta L. Vidal , Mátyás Pápai , Anna I. Krylov , Klaus B. Møller , Sonia Coriani

Exploration of a new ultrafast-ultrasmall frontier in atomic and molecular physics has begun. Not only is is possible to control outer-shell electron dynamics with intense ultrafast optical lasers, but now control of inner-shell processes…

Inelastic neutron and X-ray scattering experiments on surfaces and interfaces are a challenging topic in modern physics. Particular interest arises regarding surfaces and interfaces of soft matter and biological systems. We review both…

Biological Physics · Physics 2009-10-02 Maikel C. Rheinstädter , Tilo Seydel , Bela Farago , Tim Salditt

A technique of timescale analysis performed directly in the time domain has been developed recently. We have applied the technique to studying rapid variabilities of hard X-rays from neutron star and black hole binaries, gamma-ray bursts…

Astrophysics · Physics 2016-01-27 T. P. Li

We present an improved method for handling off-shell effects in deep inelastic nuclear scattering. With a firm understanding of the effects of the nuclear wave function, including these off-shell corrections as well as binding and…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-10-30 C. D. Cothran , D. B. Day , S. Liuti

X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy (XPCS) is a powerful tool for the investigation of dynamics covering a broad range of time and length scales. The two-time correlation function (TTC) is commonly used to track non-equilibrium dynamical…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2024-06-19 Anastasia Ragulskaya , Vladimir Starostin , Fajun Zhang , Christian Gutt , Frank Schreiber