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A novel approach to implement and control electron injection into the accelerating phase of a laser wakefield accelerator (LWFA) is presented. It utilizes a wire, which is introduced into the flow of a supersonic gas jet creating shock…
We report on time-resolved mid-infrared-pump terahertz-transmission-probe studies of the topological-insulator materials $(Bi_{1-x}Sb_{x})_{2}Te_{3}$, in which by varying x charge carriers are chemically tuned to be of n-type or p-type.…
We study the entanglement between the internal electronic and the external vibrational degrees of freedom of a trapped atom which is driven by two lasers into electromagnetically-induced transparency. It is shown that basic features of the…
The transition energy must be crossed in the CERN PS to accelerate proton and ion beams to flat-top energy. A phase jump of the accelerating RF voltage with respect to the phase of the bunches by about 180 degrees minus twice the…
Surface acceleration of fast electrons in intense laser-plasma interaction is improved by using sub-wavelength grating targets. The fast electron beam emitted along the target surface was enhanced by more than three times relative to that…
We consider self-pulsing in lasers with a gain section and an absorber section via a mechanism known as Q-switching, as described mathematically by the Yamada ordinary differential equation model for the gain, the absorber and the laser…
Energy-transfer efficiency is an important quantity in plasma-wakefield acceleration, especially for applications that demand high average power. Conventionally, the efficiency is measured using an electron spectrometer; an invasive method…
Spatial distributions of electrons ionized and scattered from ultra-low pressure gases are proposed and experimentally demonstrated as a method to directly measure the intensity of an ultra-high intensity laser pulse. Analytic models…
Despite exhibiting novel radiation features, the operation of the proposed quantum free-electron laser would have the drawback that the number of emitted photons is limited by one per electron, significantly reducing the output power of…
Dielectric laser acceleration (DLA) achieves remarkable gradients from the optical near fields of a grating structure. Tilting the dielectric grating with respect to the electron beam leads to deflection forces and the DLA structure can be…
Distribution of the entangled state of trapped atomic ions to long distance using quantum repeater protocol is considered. Indeed, the long distance is divided into short parts, and then using entanglement generation and entanglement…
We consider the phase stability of a local oscillator (or laser) locked to a cavity QED system comprised of atoms with an ultra-narrow optical transition. The atoms are cooled to millikelvin temperatures and then released into the optical…
The ultrafast dynamic evolution of an atomic system under medium-strength laser fields is studied by performing transient absorption measurement. An analytical model developed from perturbation theory with a modified transition dipole…
We demonstrate the ability to excite atoms at well-defined, programmable locations in a magneto-optical trap, either to the continuum (ionisation), or to a Rydberg state. To this end, excitation laser light is shaped into arbitrary…
Both theoretical and numerical analyses are conducted to investigate terahertz (THz) radiation emission from free-electron lasers. The angular and spectral characteristics of radiation are analytically evaluated leveraging Linenard Wiechert…
We present measurements of slice energy spread growth due to quantum fluctuations of the undulator radiation at the European X-Ray Free-Electron Laser. The method uses a recently installed diagnostic wakefield structure, which enables…
Terawatt x-ray free-electron lasers (XFELs) require high current densities with strong transverse focusing. The implications on harmonic generation are discussed using the MINERVA simulation code which self-consistently includes harmonic…
Plasma-based accelerators are a promising approach for reducing the size and cost of future particle accelerators, making them a viable technology for constructing and upgrading X-ray free-electron lasers (FELs). Adding an energy booster…
We report the first experimental observation of carrier-envelope phase-driven energy bunching in laser wakefield acceleration. Using a few-cycle (~9 fs), multi-terawatt laser pulse and ionization injection in a helium-nitrogen gas mixture,…
Two beam broadening methods for active electronically scanned array (AESA) antennas with uniform amplitude excitation are proposed and compared: phase tapering optimization (PTO) and a novel time-varying phase tapering (TPT). The PTO is a…