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Predictive mean matching (PMM) is a popular imputation strategy that imputes missing values by borrowing observed values from other cases with similar expectations. We show that, unlike other imputation strategies, PMM is not guaranteed to…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-07-01 Paul T. von Hippel

We propose an l1-regularized likelihood method for estimating the inverse covariance matrix in the high-dimensional multivariate normal model in presence of missing data. Our method is based on the assumption that the data are missing at…

Methodology · Statistics 2012-02-28 Nicolas Städler , Peter Bühlmann

Missing data problems arise in many applied research studies. They may jeopardize statistical inference of the model of interest, if the missing mechanism is nonignorable, that is, the missing mechanism depends on the missing values…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2015-09-15 Wang Miao , Peng Ding , Zhi Geng

The missing data problem has been broadly studied in the last few decades and has various applications in different areas such as statistics or bioinformatics. Even though many methods have been developed to tackle this challenge, most of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-06-10 Thu Nguyen , Khoi Minh Nguyen-Duy , Duy Ho Minh Nguyen , Binh T. Nguyen , Bruce Alan Wade

We study the problem of maximum likelihood estimation for general patterns of bivariate missing data for normal and multinomial random variables, under the assumption that the data is missing at random (MAR). For normal data, the score…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2007-09-07 Serkan Hosten , Seth Sullivant

During the past few decades, missing-data problems have been studied extensively, with a focus on the ignorable missing case, where the missing probability depends only on observable quantities. By contrast, research into non-ignorable…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-08-06 Yukun Liu , Pengfei Li , Jing Qin

The advanced operation of future electricity distribution systems is likely to require significant observability of the different parameters of interest (e.g., demand, voltages, currents, etc.). Ensuring completeness of data is, therefore,…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2017-08-07 Cristian Genes , Iñaki Esnaola , Samir. M. Perlaza , Luis F. Ochoa , Daniel Coca

Models for analyzing multivariate data sets with missing values require strong, often unassessable, assumptions. The most common of these is that the mechanism that created the missing data is ignorable - a twofold assumption dependent on…

Applications · Statistics 2020-02-17 Iavor Bojinov , Natesh Pillai , Donald Rubin

Missing data often result in undesirable bias and loss of efficiency. These issues become substantial when the response mechanism is nonignorable, meaning that the response model depends on unobserved variables. To manage nonignorable…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-12-30 Kenji Beppu , Jinung Choi , Kosuke Morikawa , Jongho Im

Missing data theory deals with the statistical methods in the occurrence of missing data. Missing data occurs when some values are not stored or observed for variables of interest. However, most of the statistical theory assumes that data…

The analysis of incomplete contingency tables is a practical and an interesting problem. In this paper, we provide characterizations for the various missing mechanisms of a variable in terms of response and non-response odds for two and…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-11-27 S. Ghosh , P. Vellaisamy

We describe and analyze a broad class of mixture models for real-valued multivariate data in which the probability density of observations within each component of the model is represented as an arbitrary combination of basis functions.…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-02-28 M. E. J. Newman

Two major ideas in the analysis of missing data are (a) the EM algorithm [Dempster, Laird and Rubin, J. Roy. Statist. Soc. Ser. B 39 (1977) 1--38] for maximum likelihood (ML) estimation, and (b) the formulation of models for the joint…

Methodology · Statistics 2011-04-14 Yan Zhou , Roderick J. A. Little , John D. Kalbfleisch

We propose to learn latent graphical models when data have mixed variables and missing values. This model could be used for further data analysis, including regression, classification, ranking etc. It also could be used for imputing missing…

Methodology · Statistics 2015-11-17 Xiao Li , Jinzhu Jia , Yuan Yao

When data are incomplete, a random vector Y for the data process together with a binary random vector R for the process that causes missing data, are modelled jointly. We review conditions under which R can be ignored for drawing likelihood…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-04-01 John C Galati

Rating prediction is an important application, and a popular research topic in collaborative filtering. However, both the validity of learning algorithms, and the validity of standard testing procedures rest on the assumption that missing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2012-06-26 Benjamin Marlin , Richard S. Zemel , Sam Roweis , Malcolm Slaney

We consider computationally-efficient estimation of population parameters when observations are subject to missing data. In particular, we consider estimation under the realizable contamination model of missing data in which an $\epsilon$…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-03-18 Kabir Aladin Verchand , Ankit Pensia , Saminul Haque , Rohith Kuditipudi

Off-Policy Evaluation (OPE) aims to estimate the value of a target policy using offline data collected from potentially different policies. In real-world applications, however, logged data often suffers from missingness. While OPE has been…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-07-10 Han Wang , Yang Xu , Wenbin Lu , Rui Song

This paper proposes a general multiple imputation approach for analyzing large-scale data with missing values. An imputation model is derived from a joint distribution induced by a latent variable model, which can flexibly capture…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-09-26 Siliang Zhang , Yunxiao Chen , Jouni Kuha

Real-world datasets often have missing values associated with complex generative processes, where the cause of the missingness may not be fully observed. This is known as missing not at random (MNAR) data. However, many imputation methods…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-29 Chao Ma , Cheng Zhang