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Acoustic word embeddings (AWEs) are vector representations of spoken word segments. AWEs can be learned jointly with embeddings of character sequences, to generate phonetically meaningful embeddings of written words, or acoustically…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-06-26 Yushi Hu , Shane Settle , Karen Livescu

Acoustic word embeddings are fixed-dimensional representations of variable-length speech segments. Such embeddings can form the basis for speech search, indexing and discovery systems when conventional speech recognition is not possible. In…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-02-08 Herman Kamper , Yevgen Matusevych , Sharon Goldwater

Bilingual word embeddings have been widely used to capture the similarity of lexical semantics in different human languages. However, many applications, such as cross-lingual semantic search and question answering, can be largely benefited…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-09-10 Muhao Chen , Yingtao Tian , Haochen Chen , Kai-Wei Chang , Steven Skiena , Carlo Zaniolo

Query-by-example search often uses dynamic time warping (DTW) for comparing queries and proposed matching segments. Recent work has shown that comparing speech segments by representing them as fixed-dimensional vectors --- acoustic word…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-06-14 Shane Settle , Keith Levin , Herman Kamper , Karen Livescu

To be able to interact better with humans, it is crucial for machines to understand sound - a primary modality of human perception. Previous works have used sound to learn embeddings for improved generic textual similarity assessment. In…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-08-30 Ashwin K Vijayakumar , Ramakrishna Vedantam , Devi Parikh

We propose an unsupervised method to obtain cross-lingual embeddings without any parallel data or pre-trained word embeddings. The proposed model, which we call multilingual neural language models, takes sentences of multiple languages as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-09-10 Takashi Wada , Tomoharu Iwata

Recent work in cross-lingual contextual word embedding learning cannot handle multi-sense words well. In this work, we explore the characteristics of contextual word embeddings and show the link between contextual word embeddings and word…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-09-20 Zheng Zhang , Ruiqing Yin , Jun Zhu , Pierre Zweigenbaum

This paper provides a theoretical framework for interpreting acoustic neighbor embeddings, which are representations of the phonetic content of variable-width audio or text in a fixed-dimensional embedding space. A probabilistic…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-04 Woojay Jeon

Word embeddings and language models have transformed natural language processing (NLP) by facilitating the representation of linguistic elements in continuous vector spaces. This review visits foundational concepts such as the…

Word embedding models offer continuous vector representations that can capture rich contextual semantics based on their word co-occurrence patterns. While these word vectors can provide very effective features used in many NLP tasks such as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-02-27 Cem Safak Sahin , Rajmonda S. Caceres , Brandon Oselio , William M. Campbell

Understanding human language has been a sub-challenge on the way of intelligent machines. The study of meaning in natural language processing (NLP) relies on the distributional hypothesis where language elements get meaning from the words…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-10-06 Erhan Sezerer , Selma Tekir

Ensembling word embeddings to improve distributed word representations has shown good success for natural language processing tasks in recent years. These approaches either carry out straightforward mathematical operations over a set of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-08-14 James O' Neill , Danushka Bollegala

Distributed word embeddings have yielded state-of-the-art performance in many NLP tasks, mainly due to their success in capturing useful semantic information. These representations assign only a single vector to each word whereas a large…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-04 Shobhit Jain , Sravan Babu Bodapati , Ramesh Nallapati , Anima Anandkumar

Word embeddings are widely used in Natural Language Processing, mainly due to their success in capturing semantic information from massive corpora. However, their creation process does not allow the different meanings of a word to be…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-06-22 Massimiliano Mancini , Jose Camacho-Collados , Ignacio Iacobacci , Roberto Navigli

In this paper, we propose a novel deep neural network architecture, Speech2Vec, for learning fixed-length vector representations of audio segments excised from a speech corpus, where the vectors contain semantic information pertaining to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-06-12 Yu-An Chung , James Glass

Word embeddings are now a standard technique for inducing meaning representations for words. For getting good representations, it is important to take into account different senses of a word. In this paper, we propose a mixture model for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-08-14 Dai Quoc Nguyen , Dat Quoc Nguyen , Ashutosh Modi , Stefan Thater , Manfred Pinkal

We propose a new unsupervised model for mapping a variable-duration speech segment to a fixed-dimensional representation. The resulting acoustic word embeddings can form the basis of search, discovery, and indexing systems for low- and…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-12-07 Puyuan Peng , Herman Kamper , Karen Livescu

In this paper we present a deep learning architecture for extracting word embeddings for visual speech recognition. The embeddings summarize the information of the mouth region that is relevant to the problem of word recognition, while…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-11-01 Themos Stafylakis , Georgios Tzimiropoulos

Acoustic word embeddings (AWEs) are fixed-dimensional vector representations of speech segments that encode phonetic content so that different realisations of the same word have similar embeddings. In this paper we explore semantic AWE…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-07-06 Christiaan Jacobs , Herman Kamper

Sense embedding learning methods learn multiple vectors for a given ambiguous word, corresponding to its different word senses. For this purpose, different methods have been proposed in prior work on sense embedding learning that use…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-31 Haochen Luo , Yi Zhou , Danushka Bollegala