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Related papers: Chromatic polynomials and bialgebras of graphs

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The main result of this paper is the introduction of marked graphs and the marked graph polynomials ($M$-polynomial) associated with them. These polynomials can be defined via a deletion-contraction operation. These polynomials are a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-02-25 José Aliste-Prieto , Anna de Mier , Rosa Orellana , José Zamora

A proper vertex colouring of a graph is \emph{nested} if the vertices of each of its colour classes can be ordered by inclusion of their open neighbourhoods. Through a relation to partially ordered sets, we show that the nested chromatic…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-06-04 David Cook

We introduce a general class of combinatorial objects, which we call \emph{multi-complexes}, which simultaneously generalizes graphs, multigraphs, hypergraphs and simplicial and delta complexes. We introduce a natural algebra of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-11-11 Miodrag Iovanov , Jaiung Jun

We introduce a new graph polynomial that encodes interesting properties of graphs, for example, the number of matchings and the number of perfect matchings. Most importantly, for bipartite graphs the polynomial encodes the number of…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2010-02-10 Qi Ge , Daniel Stefankovic

For a graph embedded into a surface, we relate many combinatorial parameters of the cycle matroid of the graph and the bond matroid of the dual graph with the topological parameters of the embedding. This will give an expression of the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-03-17 R. Askanazi , S. Chmutov , C. Estill , J. Michel , P. Stollenwerk

A decomposition of a non-empty simple graph $G$ is a pair $[G,P]$, such that $P$ is a set of non-empty induced subgraphs of $G$, and every edge of $G$ belongs to exactly one subgraph in $P$. The chromatic index $\chi'([G,P])$ of a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-10-29 Clemens Huemer , Dolores Lara , Christian Rubio-Montiel

This note is dedicated to the study of a Hopf module structures on the space of framed chord diagrams and framed graphs. We also introduce a framed version of the chromatic polynomial and propose two methods to construct framed weight…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2014-04-25 Maksim Karev

The aim of this paper is two-fold. First, we give a fully geometric description of the HOMFLYPT homology of Khovanov-Rozansky. Our method is to construct this invariant in terms of the cohomology of various sheaves on certain algebraic…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2017-11-15 Ben Webster , Geordie Williamson

We present an algebraic characterization of perfect graphs, i.e., graphs for which the clique number and the chromatic number coincide for every induced subgraph. We show that a graph is perfect if and only if certain nonnegative…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-05-03 Amir Ali Ahmadi , Cemil Dibek

This article approaches the counting of subgraphs, in terms of signature-type functionals defined over combinatorial Hopf algebras of graphs. Well-known algebraic identities that arise in the context of counting subgraphs are then captured…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2025-03-27 Diego Caudillo , Joscha Diehl , Kurusch Ebrahimi-Fard , Emanuele Verri

Coloured Alexander polynomials form a sequence of non-semisimple quantum invariants coming from the representation theory of the quantum group $U_q(sl(2))$ at roots of unity. This sequence recovers the original Alexander polynomial as the…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2019-06-11 Cristina Ana-Maria Anghel

We compute an explicit formula for the antipode of the double bialgebra of graphs in terms of totally acyclic partial orientations, using some general results on double bialgebras. In analogy to what was already proven in Hopf-algebraic…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-04-09 Loïc Foissy , Claudia Malvenuto

Recently, M.\ Ab\'ert and T.\ Hubai studied the following problem. The chromatic measure of a finite simple graph is defined to be the uniform distribution on its chromatic roots. Ab\'ert and Hubai proved that for a Benjamini-Schramm…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-12-10 Péter Csikvári , Péter E. Frenkel

We find families of simplicial complexes where the simplicial chromatic polynomials defined by Cooper--de Silva--Sazdanovic \cite{CdSS} are Hilbert series of Stanley--Reisner rings of auxiliary simplicial complexes. As a result, such…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-09-19 Soohyun Park

Recently, using machinery's from Ergodic theory, Z. Lian, and R. Xiao proved if $P$ is any polynomial with no constant term, then for every finite coloring of $\mathbb{N}$, there exists two infinite subsets $B,C$ of $\mathbb{N}$ such that…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-04-16 Sayan Goswami

In this paper, we propose an algebraic approach to determine whether two non-isomorphic caterpillar trees can have the same symmetric function generalization of the chromatic polynomial. On the set of all composition on integers, we…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-08-09 José Aliste-Prieto , José Zamora

This paper describes an improvement in the upper bound for the magnitude of a coefficient of a term in the chromatic polynomial of a general graph. If $a_r$ is the coefficient of the $q^r$ term in the chromatic polynomial $P(G,q)$, where…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Shu-Chiuan Chang

Greene and Zaslavsky proved that the number of acyclic orientations of a graph with a unique sink is, up to sign, the linear coefficient of the chromatic polynomial. We give three new proofs of this result using pure induction,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 David D. Gebhard , Bruce E. Sagan

The chromatic polynomial of a graph is an important notion in algebraic combinatorics that was introduced by Birkhoff in 1912; denoted $P(G,k)$, it equals the number of proper $k$-colorings of graph $G$. Enumerative analogues of the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-09-26 Hemanshu Kaul , Jeffrey A. Mudrock , Gunjan Sharma

Fractional graph isomorphism is the linear relaxation of an integer programming formulation of graph isomorphism. It preserves some invariants of graphs, like degree sequences and equitable partitions, but it does not preserve others like…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-08-20 Flavia Bonomo-Braberman , Dora Tilli