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Adaptive gradient-based optimizers such as Adagrad and Adam are crucial for achieving state-of-the-art performance in machine translation and language modeling. However, these methods maintain second-order statistics for each parameter,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-13 Rohan Anil , Vineet Gupta , Tomer Koren , Yoram Singer

Parameter identification for mechanistic Ordinary Differential Equation (ODE) models underpins prediction and control in several applications, yet remains a manual and labor-intensive process: datasets are noisy and partial, models can be…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Saakaar Bhatnagar

Forward Automatic Differentiation (AD) is a technique for augmenting programs to compute derivatives. The essence of Forward AD is to attach perturbations to each number, and propagate these through the computation. When derivatives are…

Symbolic Computation · Computer Science 2019-09-23 Oleksandr Manzyuk , Barak A. Pearlmutter , Alexey Andreyevich Radul , David R. Rush , Jeffrey Mark Siskind

We give a gentle introduction to using various software tools for automatic differentiation (AD). Ready-to-use examples are discussed, and links to further information are presented. Our target audience includes all those who are looking…

Mathematical Software · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Uwe Naumann , Andrea Walther

Solving partial differential equations (PDEs) efficiently is essential for analyzing complex physical systems. Recent advancements in leveraging deep learning for solving PDE have shown significant promise. However, machine learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-16 Ruichen Li , Chuwei Wang , Haotian Ye , Di He , Liwei Wang

This document presents a new C++ Automatic Differentiation (AD) tool, AD-HOC (Automatic Differentiation for High-Order Calculations). This tool aims to have the following features: -Calculation of user specified derivatives of arbitrary…

Mathematical Software · Computer Science 2024-12-13 Juan Lucas Rey

Automatic differentiation, also known as backpropagation, AD, autodiff, or algorithmic differentiation, is a popular technique for computing derivatives of computer programs accurately and efficiently. Sometimes, however, the derivatives…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-05-15 Jan Hückelheim , Harshitha Menon , William Moses , Bruce Christianson , Paul Hovland , Laurent Hascoët

Recent theoretical work on automatic differentiation (autodiff) has focused on characteristics such as correctness and efficiency while assuming that all derivatives are automatically generated by autodiff using program transformation, with…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2024-08-15 Sam Estep

Inverse design of complex flows is notoriously challenging because of the high cost of high dimensional optimization. Usually, optimization problems are either restricted to few control parameters, or adjoint-based approaches are used to…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2024-03-12 Mohammed Alhashim , Kaylie Hausknecht , Michael Brenner

An activation function is an element-wise mathematical function and plays a crucial role in deep neural networks (DNN). Many novel and sophisticated activation functions have been proposed to improve the DNN accuracy but also consume…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-23 Cong Guo , Yuxian Qiu , Jingwen Leng , Chen Zhang , Ying Cao , Quanlu Zhang , Yunxin Liu , Fan Yang , Minyi Guo

Algorithmic differentiation (AD) allows exact computation of derivatives given only an implementation of an objective function. Although many AD tools are available, a proper and efficient implementation of AD methods is not…

Mathematical Software · Computer Science 2018-07-27 Filip Šrajer , Zuzana Kukelova , Andrew Fitzgibbon

Computer programming initially required humans to directly translate their goals into machine code. These goals could have easily been expressed as a written (or human) language directive. Computers, however, had no capacity to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-08-22 Justin Del Vecchio , Andrew Perreault , Eliana Furmanek

We present semantic correctness proofs of Automatic Differentiation (AD). We consider a forward-mode AD method on a higher order language with algebraic data types, and we characterise it as the unique structure preserving macro given a…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2020-04-02 Mathieu Huot , Sam Staton , Matthijs Vákár

This article describes a very high-level language for clear description of distributed algorithms and optimizations necessary for generating efficient implementations. The language supports high-level control flows where complex…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2021-10-07 Yanhong A. Liu , Scott D. Stoller , Bo Lin

Automatic differentiation (AD) is conventionally understood as a family of distinct algorithms, rooted in two "modes" -- forward and reverse -- which are typically presented (and implemented) separately. Can there be only one? Following up…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2022-12-07 Alexey Radul , Adam Paszke , Roy Frostig , Matthew Johnson , Dougal Maclaurin

Automatic generation of convex relaxations and subgradients is critical in global optimization, and is typically carried out using variants of automatic/algorithmic differentiation (AD). At previous AD conferences, variants of the forward…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-01-31 Yingkai Song , Kamil A. Khan

Formal software specification is known to enable early error detection and explicit invariants, yet it has seen limited industrial adoption due to its high notation overhead and the expertise required to use traditional formal languages.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-16 Antonio Abu Nassar , Eitan Farchi

We apply program verification technology to the problem of specifying and verifying automatic differentiation (AD) algorithms. We focus on define-by-run, a style of AD where the program that must be differentiated is executed and monitored…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2024-02-14 Paulo Emílio de Vilhena , François Pottier

Parameter efficient finetuning methods like low-rank adaptation (LoRA) aim to reduce the computational costs of finetuning pretrained Language Models (LMs). Enabled by these low-rank settings, we propose an even more efficient optimization…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-09 Adir Rahamim , Naomi Saphra , Sara Kangaslahti , Yonatan Belinkov

Many engineering problems involve learning hidden dynamics from indirect observations, where the physical processes are described by systems of partial differential equations (PDE). Gradient-based optimization methods are considered…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2019-12-17 Kailai Xu , Dongzhuo Li , Eric Darve , Jerry M. Harris