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This review article focuses on regularised estimation procedures applicable to geostatistical and spatial econometric models. These methods are particularly relevant in the case of big geospatial data for dimensionality reduction or model…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-04-30 Philipp Otto , Alessandro Fassò , Paolo Maranzano

Satellite missions provide valuable optical data for monitoring rivers at diverse spatial and temporal scales. However, accessibility remains a challenge: high-resolution imagery is ideal for fine-grained monitoring but is typically scarce…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-14 Rangel Daroya , Subhransu Maji

We describe a method to computationally estimate the probability density function of a univariate random variable by applying the maximum entropy principle with some local conditions given by Gaussian functions. The estimation errors and…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2012-06-21 Mihail-Ioan Pop

We present a novel statistical treatment, the "metastatistics of extreme events", for calculating the frequency of extreme events. This approach, which is of general validity, is the proper statistical framework to address the problem of…

Applications · Statistics 2012-11-14 Massimiliano Ignaccolo , Marco Marani

One measurement modality for rainfall is a fixed location rain gauge. However, extreme rainfall, flooding, and other climate extremes often occur at larger spatial scales and affect more than one location in a community. For example, in…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-05-02 Carlynn Fagnant , Julia C. Schedler , Katherine B. Ensor

Entropy is a measure of heterogeneity widely used in applied sciences, often when data are collected over space. Recently, a number of approaches has been proposed to include spatial information in entropy. The aim of entropy is to…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2019-11-12 Linda Altieri , Daniela Cocchi , Giulia Roli

Numerical simulation models associated with hydraulic engineering take a wide array of data into account to produce predictions: rainfall contribution to the drainage basin (characterized by soil nature, infiltration capacity and moisture),…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2021-03-01 Corentin J. Lapeyre , Nicolas Cazard , Pamphile T. Roy , Sophie Ricci , Fabrice Zaoui

Accurate estimation of daily rainfall return levels associated with large return periods is needed for a number of hydrological planning purposes, including protective infrastructure, dams, and retention basins. This is especially relevant…

Recent years witnessed the development of powerful generative models based on flows, diffusion or autoregressive neural networks, achieving remarkable success in generating data from examples with applications in a broad range of areas. A…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2024-07-22 Davide Ghio , Yatin Dandi , Florent Krzakala , Lenka Zdeborová

In this study, we examine a Bayesian approach to analyze extreme daily rainfall amounts and forecast return-levels. Estimating the probability of occurrence and quantiles of future extreme events is important in many applications, including…

Applications · Statistics 2022-08-29 Douglas E. Johnston

Segmented regression is a standard statistical procedure used to estimate the effect of a policy intervention on time series outcomes. This statistical method assumes the normality of the outcome variable, a large sample size, no…

Applications · Statistics 2020-02-18 Mohammad M. Islam , Ph. D. , Erik L. Heiny , Ph. D

Intense precipitation events are commonly known to be associated with an increased risk of flooding. As a result of the societal and infrastructural risks linked with flooding, extremes of precipitation require careful modelling. Extreme…

Applications · Statistics 2017-10-06 Paul Sharkey , Hugo C. Winter

Integrating geological concepts, such as relative positions and proportions of the different lithofacies, is of highest importance in order to render realistic geological patterns. The truncated plurigaussian simulation method provides a…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2011-11-15 Grégroire Mariethoz , Philippe Renard , Fabien Cornaton , Olivier Jaquet

In many scientific applications, the target probability distribution cannot be evaluated in closed form or sampled from directly. Instead, it can often be decomposed into multiple components, some of which are accessible only through…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-03-10 Roxana Darvishi , David C. Stenning , Ted von Hippel , Owen G. Ward

Extreme floods cause casualties, and widespread damage to property and vital civil infrastructure. We here propose a Bayesian approach for predicting extreme floods using the generalized extreme-value (GEV) distribution within gauged and…

Accurate and reliable probabilistic forecasts of hydrological quantities like runoff or water level are beneficial to various areas of society. Probabilistic state-of-the-art hydrological ensemble prediction models are usually driven with…

Applications · Statistics 2020-01-17 Sándor Baran , Stephan Hemri , Mehrez El Ayari

Visualization is an essential operation when assessing the risk of rare events such as coastal or river floodings. The goal is to display a few prototype events that best represent the probability law of the observed phenomenon, a task…

Stein variational inference (SVI) is a sample-based approximate Bayesian inference technique that generates a sample set by jointly optimizing the samples' locations to minimize an information-theoretic measure of discrepancy with the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Liam Pavlovic , David M. Rosen

A theoretical analysis of the statistical distributions of the reflected intensities from random media is presented. We use random matrix theory to analytically deduce the probability densities in the localization regime. Numerical…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2009-10-31 A. Garcia-Martin , T. Lopez-Ciudad , J. J. Saenz , M. Nieto-Vesperinas

We study the problem of estimating a sequence of evolving probability distributions from historical data, where the underlying distribution changes over time in a nonstationary and nonparametric manner. To capture gradual changes, we…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-12-16 Edward J. Anderson , Dominic S. T. Keehan