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A neural machine translation (NMT) system is expensive to train, especially with high-resource settings. As the NMT architectures become deeper and wider, this issue gets worse and worse. In this paper, we aim to improve the efficiency of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-06-04 Xuebo Liu , Houtim Lai , Derek F. Wong , Lidia S. Chao

We propose a novel scheme to use the Levenshtein Transformer to perform the task of word-level quality estimation. A Levenshtein Transformer is a natural fit for this task: trained to perform decoding in an iterative manner, a Levenshtein…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-17 Shuoyang Ding , Marcin Junczys-Dowmunt , Matt Post , Philipp Koehn

Edit-based approaches have recently shown promising results on multiple monolingual sequence transduction tasks. In contrast to conventional sequence-to-sequence (Seq2Seq) models, which learn to generate text from scratch as they are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-11 Kostiantyn Omelianchuk , Vipul Raheja , Oleksandr Skurzhanskyi

Pretraining large language models effectively requires strategic data selection, blending and ordering. However, key details about data mixtures especially their scalability to longer token horizons and larger model sizes remain…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-23 Steven Feng , Shrimai Prabhumoye , Kezhi Kong , Dan Su , Mostofa Patwary , Mohammad Shoeybi , Bryan Catanzaro

This paper presents SPeCiaL: a method for unsupervised pretraining of representations tailored for continual learning. Our approach devises a meta-learning objective that differentiates through a sequential learning process. Specifically,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-18 Lucas Caccia , Joelle Pineau

Multimodal machine learning is a core research area spanning the language, visual and acoustic modalities. The central challenge in multimodal learning involves learning representations that can process and relate information from multiple…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-08-07 Hai Pham , Thomas Manzini , Paul Pu Liang , Barnabas Poczos

With Large Language Models (LLMs) rapidly approaching and potentially surpassing human-level performance, it has become imperative to develop approaches capable of effectively supervising and enhancing these powerful models using smaller,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-24 Aakriti Agrawal , Mucong Ding , Zora Che , Chenghao Deng , Anirudh Satheesh , Bang An , Bayan Bruss , John Langford , Furong Huang

With Large Language Models (LLMs) rapidly approaching and potentially surpassing human-level performance, it has become imperative to develop approaches capable of effectively supervising and enhancing these powerful models using smaller,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Aakriti Agrawal , Mucong Ding , Zora Che , Chenghao Deng , Anirudh Satheesh , Bang An , Bayan Bruss , John Langford , Furong Huang

This paper presents a novel fusion method for integrating an external language model (LM) into the Transformer based sequence-to-sequence (seq2seq) model. While paired data are basically required to train the seq2seq model, the external LM…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-30 Mana Ihori , Ryo Masumura , Naoki Makishima , Tomohiro Tanaka , Akihiko Takashima , Shota Orihashi

This paper presents a study on strategies to enhance the translation capabilities of large language models (LLMs) in the context of machine translation (MT) tasks. The paper proposes a novel paradigm consisting of three stages: Secondary…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Jiaxin Guo , Hao Yang , Zongyao Li , Daimeng Wei , Hengchao Shang , Xiaoyu Chen

Through prompting, large-scale pre-trained models have become more expressive and powerful, gaining significant attention in recent years. Though these big models have zero-shot capabilities, in general, labeled data are still required to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-02 Korawat Tanwisuth , Shujian Zhang , Huangjie Zheng , Pengcheng He , Mingyuan Zhou

Label smoothing has been shown to be an effective regularization strategy in classification, that prevents overfitting and helps in label de-noising. However, extending such methods directly to seq2seq settings, such as Machine Translation,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-16 Michal Lukasik , Himanshu Jain , Aditya Krishna Menon , Seungyeon Kim , Srinadh Bhojanapalli , Felix Yu , Sanjiv Kumar

Conversational machine reading (CMR) tools have seen a rapid progress in the recent past. The current existing tools rely on the supervised learning technique which require labeled dataset for their training. The supervised technique…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-30 Peter Ochieng , Dennis Mugambi

A major goal of unsupervised learning is to discover data representations that are useful for subsequent tasks, without access to supervised labels during training. Typically, this involves minimizing a surrogate objective, such as the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-02-27 Luke Metz , Niru Maheswaranathan , Brian Cheung , Jascha Sohl-Dickstein

We present a new approach to encourage neural machine translation to satisfy lexical constraints. Our method acts at the training step and thereby avoiding the introduction of any extra computational overhead at inference step. The proposed…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-08 Melissa Ailem , Jinghsu Liu , Raheel Qader

Recent state-of-the-art language models utilize a two-phase training procedure comprised of (i) unsupervised pre-training on unlabeled text, and (ii) fine-tuning for a specific supervised task. More recently, many studies have been focused…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-11-15 Itzik Malkiel , Lior Wolf

This work aims to predict channels in wireless communication systems based on noisy observations, utilizing sequence-to-sequence models with attention (Seq2Seq-attn) and transformer models. Both models are adapted from natural language…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-09-05 Valentina Rizzello , Benedikt Böck , Michael Joham , Wolfgang Utschick

While end-to-end neural machine translation (NMT) has made remarkable progress recently, NMT systems only rely on parallel corpora for parameter estimation. Since parallel corpora are usually limited in quantity, quality, and coverage,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-12-13 Yong Cheng , Wei Xu , Zhongjun He , Wei He , Hua Wu , Maosong Sun , Yang Liu

Uncertainty estimation is important for ensuring safety and robustness of AI systems. While most research in the area has focused on un-structured prediction tasks, limited work has investigated general uncertainty estimation approaches for…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-02-12 Andrey Malinin , Mark Gales

Language model (LM) pre-training has resulted in impressive performance and sample efficiency on a variety of language understanding tasks. However, it remains unclear how to best use pre-trained LMs for generation tasks such as abstractive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-05-23 Urvashi Khandelwal , Kevin Clark , Dan Jurafsky , Lukasz Kaiser