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The rate of entropy production by a stochastic process quantifies how far it is from thermodynamic equilibrium. Equivalently, entropy production captures the degree to which detailed balance and time-reversal symmetry are broken. Despite…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2020-12-02 Luca Cocconi , Rosalba Garcia-Millan , Zigan Zhen , Bianca Buturca , Gunnar Pruessner

We provide a consistent thermodynamic analysis of stochastic thermal engines driven by finite-size reservoirs, which are in turn coupled to infinite-size reservoirs. We consider a cyclic operation mode, where the working medium couples…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-01-27 Iago N. Mamede , Saulo V. Moreira , Mark T. Mitchison , Carlos E. Fiore

We study the reduction in total entropy, and associated conversion of environmental heat into work, arising from the coupling and decoupling of two systems followed by processing determined by suitable mutual feedback. The scheme is based…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2016-05-10 Ian J. Ford , Michael Maitland

The amount of extractable work from a physical system is fundamentally connected to the information available about its state, as illustrated by Maxwell's demon and the Gibbs paradox. In standard thermodynamic protocols involving…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-27 Tanmoy Biswas

Nanotechnology has not only provided us the possibility of developing quantum machines but also noncanonical power sources able to drive them. Here we focus on studying the performance of quantum machines driven by arbitrary combinations of…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2020-08-26 Sebastian E. Deghi , Raúl A. Bustos-Marún

We derive universal bounds for the finite-time survival probability of the stochastic work extracted in steady-state heat engines and the stochastic heat dissipated to the environment. We also find estimates for the time-dependent…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2022-02-23 Gonzalo Manzano , Édgar Roldán

In thermodynamics, entropy production and work quantify irreversibility and the consumption of useful energy, respectively, when a system is driven out of equilibrium. For quantum systems, these quantities can be identified at the…

It is known that the equilibrium properties of open classical systems that are strongly coupled to a heat bath are described by a set of thermodynamic potentials related to the system's Hamiltonian of mean force. By adapting this framework…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2017-06-28 Harry J. D. Miller , Janet Anders

Entropy production is a key quantity characterizing nonequilibrium systems. However, it can often be difficult to compute in practice, as it requires detailed information about the system and the dynamics it undergoes. This becomes even…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-04-13 Domingos S. P. Salazar

We quantify the prior information to infer the optimal characteristics for a constrained thermodynamic process of maximum work extraction for a pair of non-identical finite systems. The total entropy of the whole system remains conserved.…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2016-01-20 Preety Aneja , Harsh Katyayan , Ramandeep S. Johal

Information-driven engines that rectify thermal fluctuations are a modern realization of the Maxwell-demon thought experiment. We introduce a simple design based on a heavy colloidal particle, held by an optical trap and immersed in water.…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2021-05-21 Tushar K. Saha , Joseph N. E. Lucero , Jannik Ehrich , David A. Sivak , John Bechhoefer

Key to biological success, the requisite variety that confronts an adaptive organism is the set of detectable, accessible, and controllable states in its environment. We analyze its role in the thermodynamic functioning of information…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2017-04-26 Alexander B. Boyd , Dibyendu Mandal , James P. Crutchfield

A task is randomly drawn from a finite set of tasks and is described using a fixed number of bits. All the tasks that share its description must be performed. Upper and lower bounds on the minimum $\rho$-th moment of the number of performed…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2014-10-07 Christoph Bunte , Amos Lapidoth

Information engines can use structured environments as a resource to generate work by randomizing ordered inputs and leveraging the increased Shannon entropy to transfer energy from a thermal reservoir to a work reservoir. We give a broadly…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2017-02-01 Alexander B. Boyd , Dibyendu Mandal , James P. Crutchfield

In this note, the equilibrium curve of a thermodynamic system is used to depict entropy production in the process of thermalization with a reservoir. For the given initial and final equilibrium states of the system, the entropy production…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2024-09-06 Ramandeep S. Johal

Recent years have seen an enormously revived interest in the study of thermodynamic notions in the quantum regime. This applies both to the study of notions of work extraction in thermal machines in the quantum regime, as well as to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-12-28 M. Perarnau-Llobet , A. Riera , R. Gallego , H. Wilming , J. Eisert

We consider reversible work extraction from identical quantum batteries. From an ensemble of individually passive states, work can be produced only via global unitary (and thus entangling) operations. However, we show here that there always…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-12-16 Karen V. Hovhannisyan , Martí Perarnau-Llobet , Marcus Huber , Antonio Acín

Going beyond isolated system dynamics, we examine how local and spatially correlated reservoirs influence the work extraction in quantum batteries. By employing a one-dimensional spin-1/2 model coupled to baths via dephasing and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-30 Sejal Ahuja , Tanoy Kanti Konar , Aditi Sen De

We study the multiple definitions of the entropy production for discrete-time Markov processes in single systems and composite systems. These definitions have been studied in single systems, but less so in composite systems. With a clear…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-05-30 Masanao Igarashi

The total entropy production fluctuations are studied in some exactly solvable models. For these systems, the detailed fluctuation theorem holds even in the transient state, provided initially the system is prepared in thermal equilibrium.…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-08-08 Arnab Saha , Sourabh Lahiri , A. M. Jayannavar