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We develop a Galois theory for linear differential equations equipped with the action of an endomorphism. This theory is aimed at studying the difference algebraic relations among the solutions of a linear differential equation. The Galois…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2014-04-15 Lucia Di Vizio , Charlotte Hardouin , Michael Wibmer

The aim of this article is to provide a method to prove the irreducibility of non-linear ordinary differential equations by means of the differential Galois group of their variational equations along algebraic solutions. We show that if the…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2018-12-26 Guy Casale , Jacques-Arthur Weil

This paper is concerned with difference equations on elliptic curves. We establish some general properties of the difference Galois groups of equations of order two, and give applications to the calculation of some difference Galois groups.…

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2015-01-14 Thomas Dreyfus , Julien Roques

We deal with aspects of the direct and inverse problems in parameterized Picard-Vessiot (PPV) theory. It is known that, for certain fields, a linear differential algebraic group (LDAG) G is a PPV Galois group over these fields if and only…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2019-02-20 Andrey Minchenko , Alexey Ovchinnikov , Michael F. Singer

We develop a Galois theory for systems of linear difference equations with periodic parameters, for which we also introduce linear difference algebraic groups. We then apply this to constructively test if solutions of linear q-difference…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2014-04-24 Benjamin Antieau , Alexey Ovchinnikov , Dmitry Trushin

In this paper, we explain how to compute the Lie algebra of the differential Galois group of a reducible linear differential system. We achieve this by showing how to transform a block-triangular linear differential system into a…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2024-10-22 Thomas Dreyfus , Jacques-Arthur Weil

This paper is on the inverse parameterized differential Galois problem. We show that surprisingly many groups do not occur as parameterized differential Galois groups over K(x) even when K is algebraically closed. We then combine the method…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2016-03-23 Annette Bachmayr

Differential equations have arithmetic analogues in which derivatives are replaced by Fermat quotients; these analogues are called arithmetic differential equations and the present paper is concerned with the "linear" ones. The equations…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2015-01-12 Alexandru Buium , Taylor Dupuy

The Galois/monodromy group of a family of geometric problems or equations is a subtle invariant that encodes the structure of the solutions. Computing monodromy permutations using numerical algebraic geometry gives information about the…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2016-05-26 Jonathan D. Hauenstein , Jose Israel Rodriguez , Frank Sottile

For a differential operator $L$ of order $n$ over $C(z)$ with a finite (differential) Galois group $G\subset {\rm GL}(C^n)$, there is an algorithm, by M. van Hoeij and J.-A.~Weil, which computes the associated evaluation of the invariants…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2018-09-10 M. van der Put , C. Sanabria Malagón , J. Top

We show that a linear algebraic group is the Galois group of a parameterized Picard-Vessiot extension of k(x), x' = 1, for certain differential fields k, if and only if its identity component has no one dimensional quotient as a linear…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2011-08-02 Michael F Singer

In this paper we compute the Galois groups of basic hypergeometric equations.

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2007-09-21 Julien Roques

We address two interrelated problems concerning the permutation of roots of univariate polynomials whose coefficients depend on parameters. First, we compute the Galois group of polynomials $\varphi(x)\in\mathbb{C}[y_1,\cdots,y_k][x]$ over…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2026-04-03 Alexander Esterov , Lionel Lang

In this paper we consider the problem of computing the difference Galois groups of order three equations for a large class of difference operators including the shift operator (Case S), the $q$-difference operator (Case Q), the Mahler…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-11-04 Thomas Dreyfus , Marina Poulet

Let $P\in\mathbb Q[t,x]$ be a polynomial in two variables with rational coefficients, and let $G$ be the Galois group of $P$ over the field $\mathbb Q(t)$. It follows from Hilbert's Irreducibility Theorem that for most rational numbers $c$…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2024-01-29 David Krumm , Nicole Sutherland

A lot of work has gone into computing images of Galois representations coming from elliptic curves. This article presents an algorithm to determine the image of the mod-$3$ Galois representation associated to a principally polarized abelian…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-07-30 Shiva Chidambaram

Computational Galois theory, in particular the problem of computing the Galois group of a given polynomial is a very old problem. Currently, the best algorithmic solution is Stauduhar's method. Computationally, one of the key challenges in…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2019-02-20 Claus Fieker , Jürgen Klüners

Galois theory is developed using elementary polynomial and group algebra. The method follows closely the original prescription of Galois, and has the benefit of making the theory accessible to a wide audience. The theory is illustrated by a…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2011-08-24 Leonid Lerner

We give simple necessary and sufficient conditions for the $\frac{\partial}{\partial t}$-transcendence of the solutions to a parameterized second order linear differential equation of the form \frac{\partial^2 Y}{\partial x^2} - p…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2013-06-07 Carlos E. Arreche

For a rational prime $p\neq 2$, we compute the sequence of ramification groups of a Galois, radical and finite extension $L/F$ where $F/\mathbb{Q}_p$ is an unramified finite extension. First, we compute it in the case where the exponent of…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2018-11-19 Arnaud Plessis