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Industrial Control System (ICS) is a general term that includes supervisory control & data acquisition (SCADA) systems, distributed control systems (DCS), and other control system configurations such as programmable logic controllers (PLC).…
The increasing digitization and interconnection of legacy Industrial Control Systems (ICSs) open new vulnerability surfaces, exposing such systems to malicious attackers. Furthermore, since ICSs are often employed in critical…
Industrial Control Systems (ICSs) are complex interconnected systems used to manage process control within industrial environments, such as chemical processing plants and water treatment facilities. As the modern industrial environment…
The increasing interaction of industrial control systems (ICSs) with public networks and digital devices introduces new cyber threats to power systems and other critical infrastructure. Recent cyber-physical attacks such as Stuxnet and…
Past attacks against industrial control systems (ICS) show that adversaries often target both the ICS network and the physical process to achieve potential catastrophic impact. To secure ICS, intrusion detection systems promise timely…
Along with the development of intelligent manufacturing, especially with the high connectivity of the industrial control system (ICS), the network security of ICS becomes more important. And in recent years, there has been much research on…
Critical Infrastructures (CIs) such as power grid, water and gas distribution are controlled by Industrial Control Systems (ICS). Sensors and actuators of a physical plant are managed by the ICS. Data and commands transmitted over the…
Industrial Control Systems (ICSs) are widely used in critical infrastructures that face various cyberattacks causing physical damage. With the increasing integration of the ICSs and information technology (IT), ensuring the security of ICSs…
Industrial Control Systems (ICS) encompassing resources for process automation are subjected to a wide variety of security threats. The threat landscape is arising due to increased adoption of Commercial-of-the-shelf (COTS) products as well…
In an Industrial Control System (ICS), its complex network of sensors, actuators and controllers have raised security concerns for critical infrastructures and industrial production units. This opinion paper strives to initiate discussion…
Pipeline bursting, production lines shut down, frenzy traffic, trains confrontation, nuclear reactor shut down, disrupted electric supply, interrupted oxygen supply in ICU - these catastrophic events could result because of an erroneous…
The proliferation of sensor technologies in Industrial Control Systems (ICS) helped to transform the environment towards better automation, process control and monitoring. However, sensor technologies expose the smart cities of the future…
With the advent of smart industry, Industrial Control Systems (ICS) are increasingly using Cloud, IoT, and other services to meet Industry 4.0 targets. The connectivity inherent in these services exposes such systems to increased…
This paper presents a mapping framework for design factors and implementation process for building credible Industrial Control Systems (ICS) security testbeds. The resilience of ICSs has become a critical concern to operators and…
Industrial control systems (ICS), which in many cases are components of critical national infrastructure, are increasingly being connected to other networks and the wider internet motivated by factors such as enhanced operational…
Industrial control systems (ICS) are managed remotely with the help of dedicated protocols that were originally designed to work in walled gardens. Many of these protocols have been adapted to Internet transport and support wide-area…
Industrial control systems (ICSs) are widely used and vital to industry and society. Their failure can have severe impact on both economics and human life. Hence, these systems have become an attractive target for attacks, both physical and…
Cyberattacks on industrial control systems (ICS) have been drawing attention in academia. However, this has not raised adequate concerns among some industrial practitioners. Therefore, it is necessary to identify the vulnerable locations…
Cyber-physical control systems, such as industrial control systems (ICS), are increasingly targeted by cyberattacks. Such attacks can potentially cause tremendous damage, affect critical infrastructure or even jeopardize human life when the…
Closed-loop control systems employ continuous sensing and actuation to maintain controlled variables within preset bounds and achieve the desired system output. Intentional disturbances in the system, such as in the case of cyberattacks,…