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The goal of this PhD thesis is to study a diophantine approximation problem stated by Schmidt in 1967. The problem aim to study the approximation of a subspace of $\mathbb{R}^n$ by rational subspaces, not necessarily of the same dimension,…
Scalable frames are frames with the property that the frame vectors can be rescaled resulting in tight frames. However, if a frame is not scalable, one has to aim for an approximate procedure. For this, in this paper we introduce three…
Aligning partially overlapping point sets where there is no prior information about the value of the transformation is a challenging problem in computer vision. To achieve this goal, we first reduce the objective of the robust point…
Many scientific and engineering applications feature nonsmooth convex minimization problems over convex sets. In this paper, we address an important instance of this broad class where we assume that the nonsmooth objective is equipped with…
We consider universal approximations of symmetric and anti-symmetric functions, which are important for applications in quantum physics, as well as other scientific and engineering computations. We give constructive approximations with…
We propose an algorithm that approximates a given matrix polynomial of degree $d$ by another skew-symmetric matrix polynomial of a specified rank and degree at most $d$. The algorithm is built on recent advances in the theory of generic…
A new approximation format for solutions of partial differential equations depending on infinitely many parameters is introduced. By combining low-rank tensor approximation in a selected subset of variables with a sparse polynomial…
So far there has not been paid attention to frames that are balanced, i.e. those frames which sum is zero. In this paper we consider balanced frames, and in particular balanced unit norm tight frames, in finite dimensional Hilbert spaces.…
The construction of highly incoherent frames, sequences of vectors placed on the unit hyper sphere of a finite dimensional Hilbert space with low correlation between them, has proven very difficult. Algorithms proposed in the past have…
The algorithm for finding the optimal consistent approximation of an inconsistent pairwise comparisons matrix is based on a logarithmic transformation of a pairwise comparisons matrix into a vector space with the Euclidean metric.…
Approximations of optimization problems arise in computational procedures and sensitivity analysis. The resulting effect on solutions can be significant, with even small approximations of components of a problem translating into large…
Given a matrix $A$, a matrix nearness problem seeks an $X$ that most closely approximates $A$ in the sense of minimizing $\lVert A - X\rVert$ under a variety of constraints on $X$. A generalized matrix nearness problem seeks the same but…
Many imaging problems require solving an inverse problem that is ill-conditioned or ill-posed. Imaging methods typically address this difficulty by regularising the estimation problem to make it well-posed. This often requires setting the…
The matrix completion problem consists of finding or approximating a low-rank matrix based on a few samples of this matrix. We propose a new algorithm for matrix completion that minimizes the least-square distance on the sampling set over…
Many problems of theoretical and practical interest involve finding an optimum over a family of convex functions. For instance, finding the projection on the convex functions in $H^k(\Omega)$, and optimizing functionals arising from some…
Building on the blueprint from Goemans and Williamson (1995) for the Max-Cut problem, we construct a polynomial-time approximation algorithm for orthogonally constrained quadratic optimization problems. First, we derive a semidefinite…
We study the problem of image alignment for panoramic stitching. Unlike most existing approaches that are feature-based, our algorithm works on pixels directly, and accounts for errors across the whole images globally. Technically, we…
The problem of recovering the configuration of points from their partial pairwise distances, referred to as the Euclidean Distance Matrix Completion (EDMC) problem, arises in a broad range of applications, including sensor network…
Under investigation is the problem of finding the best approximation of a function in a Hilbert space subject to convex constraints and prescribed nonlinear transformations. We show that in many instances these prescriptions can be…
In this paper, we introduce a method known as polynomial frame approximation for approximating smooth, multivariate functions defined on irregular domains in $d$ dimensions, where $d$ can be arbitrary. This method is simple, and relies only…