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Quantum measurements can inject energy into quantum systems, enabling engines whose operation is powered entirely by measurements. We develop a general theory of quantum vacuum measurement engines by introducing the quantum vacuum bending…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-04 Robert Czupryniak , Bibek Bhandari , Paolo Andrea Erdman , Andrew N Jordan

A mirror scattering vacuum fields is submitted to a quantum fluctuating radiation pressure. It also experiences a motional force, related to force fluctuations through fluctuation-dissipation relations. The resulting position fluctuations…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-04-14 Marc-Thierry Jaekel , Serge Reynaud

The modified Langevin noise formalism has been proposed for the correct charaterization of quantum electromagnetic fields in the presence of finite-sized lossy dielectric objects in free space. The main modification to the original one…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-06-21 Dong-Yeop Na , Thomas E Roth , Jie Zhu , Weng C Chew , Christopher J Ryu

Systematic description of a spin one-half system endowed with magnetic moment or any other two-level system (qubit) interacting with the quantized electromagnetic field is developed. This description exploits a close analogy between a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Iwo Bialynicki-Birula , Tomasz Sowinski

We quantize the electromagnetic field in the presence of a nonmoving dielectric sphere in vacuum. The sphere is assumed to be lossless, dispersionless, isotropic, and homogeneous. The quantization is performed using normalized eigenmodes as…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-11-15 Patrick Maurer , Carlos Gonzalez-Ballestero , Oriol Romero-Isart

The question is discussed whether the momentum of a photon has a quantum uncertainty or whether it is a classical quantity. The latter assumption is the main characteristic of reducible Quantum Electrodynamics (rQED). Recent experiments in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-12-31 Jan Naudts

We present a canonical formalism for computing quantum fluctuations of certain discrete degrees of freedom in systems governed by integrable partial differential equations with known Hamiltonian structure, provided these models are…

Quantum Gases · Physics 2026-04-15 Joanna Ruhl , Vanja Dunjko , Maxim Olshanii

The work approaches the study of the fluctuations for the thermodynamic systems in the presence of the fields. The approach is of phenomenological nature and developed in a Gaussian approximation. The study is exemplified on the cases of a…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-10-31 S. Dumitru , A. Boer

The electronic energy levels and optical transitions of a semiconductor quantum dot are subject to dynamics within the solid-state environment. In particular, fluctuating electric fields due to nearby charge traps or other quantum dots…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2014-05-07 Clemens Matthiesen , Megan J. Stanley , Maxime Hugues , Edmund Clarke , Mete Atature

In general quantum systems there are two kinds of spacetime modes, those that fluctuate and those that do not. Fluctuating modes have normalizable wavefunctions. In the context of 2D gravity and ``non-critical'' string theory these are…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-09-15 Nathan Seiberg , Stephen Shenker

Fluctuations of the atomic positions are at the core of a large class of unusual material properties ranging from quantum para-electricity to high temperature superconductivity. Their measurement in solids is the subject of an intense…

In this paper, a formulation, which is completely established on a quantum ground, is presented for basic contents of quantum electrodynamics (QED). This is done by moving away, from the fundamental level, the assumption that the spin space…

General Physics · Physics 2020-06-16 Wen-ge Wang

The electromagnetic-vacuum-field fluctuations are intimately linked to the process of spontaneous emission of light. Atomic emitters cannot probe electric- and magnetic-field fluctuations simultaneously because electric and magnetic…

The power spectrum of quantum fluctuations of the electromagnetic field produced by an elementary particle is determined. It is found that in a wide range of practically important frequencies the power spectrum of fluctuations exhibits an…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2009-11-11 Kirill A. Kazakov

Description of detection and emission in terms of the photon localization is discussed. It is shown that the standard representation of plane waves of photons should be revised to take into consideration the boundary conditions caused by…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Alexander S. Shumovsky

We provide theory and formal insight on the Green function quantization method for absorptive and dispersive spatial-inhomogeneous media in the context of dielectric media. We show that a fundamental Green function identity, which appears,…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2020-09-01 Sebastian Franke , Juanjuan Ren , Stephen Hughes , Marten Richter

Accurate optical sensing and micromanipulation requires sensitive measurements of the position, orientation, and dynamics of small particles--and sometimes even large objects--under consideration. The signals acquired in the process,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-08 Masud Mansuripur

A conditional diffusion model has been developed to analyze intricate conductance fluctuations called universal conductance fluctuations or quantum fingerprints appearing in quantum transport phenomena. The model reconstructs impurity…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-06-11 Naoto Yokoi , Yuki Tanaka , Yukito Nonaka , Shunsuke Daimon , Junji Haruyama , Eiji Saitoh

We present a framework for quantization of electromagnetic field in the presence of dielectric media with time-varying optical properties. Considering a microscopic model for the dielectric as a collection of matter fields interacting with…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-11-15 Ashwith Prabhu , Jennifer Parra-Contreras , Elizabeth A. Goldschmidt , Kanu Sinha

Quantum fluctuations of electromagnetic radiation pressure are discussed. We use an approach based on the quantum stress tensor to calculate the fluctuations in velocity and position of a mirror subjected to electromagnetic radiation. Our…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-06 Chun-Hsien Wu , L. H. Ford