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The arrow graph of a function consists of two parallel axes, with arrows from input values to output values. The lines through these arrows envelop a curve which we named the focal curve. This paper studies these focal curves in detail. We…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2025-11-26 Rogier Bos , Filip Cools

A platypus graph is a non-hamiltonian graph for which every vertex-deleted subgraph is traceable. They are closely related to families of graphs satisfying interesting conditions regarding longest paths and longest cycles, for instance…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-12-15 Jan Goedgebeur , Addie Neyt , Carol T. Zamfirescu

We generalise a fundamental graph-theoretical fact, stating that every element of the cycle space of a graph is a sum of edge-disjoint cycles, to arbitrary continua. To achieve this we replace graph cycles by topological circles, and…

General Topology · Mathematics 2011-10-28 Agelos Georgakopoulos

The three subgraphs of a connected graph induced by the center, annulus and periphery are called its metric subgraphs. The main results are as follows. (1) There exists a graph of order $n$ whose metric subgraphs are all paths if and only…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-12-21 Yanan Hu , Xingzhi Zhan

We introduce the notion of watching systems in graphs, which is a generalization of that of identifying codes. We give some basic properties of watching systems, an upper bound on the minimum size of a watching system, and results on the…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2010-05-06 David Auger , Irène Charon , Olivier Hudry , Antoine Lobstein

Boundary analysis is developed for a rich class of generally infinite weighted graphs with compact metric completions. These graph completions have totally disconnected boundaries. The classical notion of $\epsilon$-components and the…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2020-11-03 Robert Carlson

We consider the problem of estimating the topology of multiple networks from nodal observations, where these networks are assumed to be drawn from the same (unknown) random graph model. We adopt a graphon as our random graph model, which is…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-02-14 Madeline Navarro , Santiago Segarra

The degree sequence of a graph is a numerical method to characterize the properties of graphs. Generalized forms of degree sequences exist for complete graphs and complete graphs. Nikolopolus et al. characterized the number of spanning…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-06-17 Joshua Steier

Metric approximate categories, or metagories, for short, are metrically enriched graphs. Their structure assigns to every directed triangle in the graph a value which may be interpreted as the area of the triangle; alternatively, as the…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2019-04-02 Walter Tholen , Jiyu Wang

This paper studies infinite graphs produced from a natural unfolding operation applied to finite graphs. Graphs produced via such operations are of finite degree and automatic over the unary alphabet (that is, they can be described by…

Logic · Mathematics 2008-09-22 Bakhadyr Khoussainov , Jiamou Liu , Mia Minnes

A short proof is given that the graphs with proper interval representations are the same as the graphs with unit interval representations.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Kenneth P. Bogart , Douglas B. West

Graphons are continuous models that represent the structure of graphs and allow the generation of graphs of varying sizes. We propose Scalable Implicit Graphon Learning (SIGL), a scalable method that combines implicit neural representations…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-05-23 Ali Azizpour , Nicolas Zilberstein , Santiago Segarra

In this paper we propose a pooling approach for convolutional information processing on graphs relying on the theory of graphons and limits of dense graph sequences. We present three methods that exploit the induced graphon representation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-24 Alejandro Parada-Mayorga , Zhiyang Wang , Alejandro Ribeiro

We study a metric on the set of finite graphs in which two graphs are considered to be similar if they have similar bounded dimensional "factors". We show that limits of convergent graph sequences in this metric can be represented by…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-12-07 Dávid Kunszenti-Kovács , László Lovász , Balázs Szegedy

Ginzburg--Landau (GL) functionals on graphs, which are relaxations of graph-cut functionals on graphs, have yielded a variety of insights in image segmentation and graph clustering. In this paper, we study large-graph limits of GL…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2025-11-11 Edith Zhang , James Scott , Qiang Du , Mason A. Porter

We propose a nonparametric framework for the analysis of networks, based on a natural limit object termed a graphon. We prove consistency of graphon estimation under general conditions, giving rates which include the important practical…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2013-09-30 Patrick J. Wolfe , Sofia C. Olhede

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) are a powerful representational tool for solving problems on graph-structured inputs. In almost all cases so far, however, they have been applied to directly recovering a final solution from raw inputs, without…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-01-16 Petar Veličković , Rex Ying , Matilde Padovano , Raia Hadsell , Charles Blundell

We consider large uniform labeled random graphs in different classes with few induced $P_4$ ($P_4$ is the graph consisting of a single line of $4$ vertices) which generalize the case of cographs. Our main result is the convergence to a…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-10-25 Théo Lenoir

We raise some questions about graph polynomials, highlighting concepts and phenomena that may merit consideration in the development of a general theory. Our questions are mainly of three types: When do graph polynomials have reduction…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-06-25 Graham Farr , Kerri Morgan

The proximity $\pi = \pi (G)$ of a connected graph $G$ is the minimum, over all vertices, of the average distance from a vertex to all others. Similarly, the maximum is called the remoteness and denoted by $\rho = \rho (G)$. The concepts of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-01-23 Mustapha Aouchiche , Bilal Ahmad Rather