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The relation between densities of cycles and the spectrum of a graphon, which implies that the spectra of convergent graphons converge, fundamentally relies on the self-adjointness of the linear operator associated with a graphon. In this…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-01-21 Jan Grebík , Daniel Král' , Xizhi Liu , Oleg Pikhurko , Julia Slipantschuk

We present an approach for analyzing message passing graph neural networks (MPNNs) based on an extension of graphon analysis to a so called graphon-signal analysis. A MPNN is a function that takes a graph and a signal on the graph (a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-11 Ron Levie

The theory of graphons comes with the so-called cut norm and the derived cut distance. The cut norm is finer than the weak* topology (when considering the predual of $L^{1}$-functions). Dole\v{z}al and Hladk\'y [J. Combin. Theory Ser. B 137…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-04-19 Martin Doležal , Jan Grebík , Jan Hladký , Israel Rocha , Václav Rozhoň

Exchangeable random graphs, which include some of the most widely studied network models, have emerged as the mainstay of statistical network analysis in recent years. Graphons, which are the central objects in graph limit theory, provide a…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-09-17 Anirban Chatterjee , Soham Dan , Bhaswar B. Bhattacharya

A near-factor of a finite simple graph $G$ is a matching that saturates all vertices except one. A graph $G$ is said to be near-factor-critical if the deletion of any vertex from $G$ results in a subgraph that has a near-factor. We prove…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-05-19 Kuo-Ching Huang , Ko-Wei Lih

We extend the theory of probability graphons, continuum representations of edge-decorated graphs arising in graph limits theory, to the 'right convergence' point of view. First of all, we generalise the notions of overlay functionals and…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-07-09 Giulio Zucal

In modern mathematics, graphs figure as one of the better-investigated class of mathematical objects. Various properties of graphs, as well as graph-processing algorithms, can be useful if graphs of a certain kind are used as denotations…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Alex Shkotin

Graphons are general and powerful models for generating graphs of varying size. In this paper, we propose to directly model graphons using neural networks, obtaining Implicit Graphon Neural Representation (IGNR). Existing work in modeling…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-03 Xinyue Xia , Gal Mishne , Yusu Wang

A graphon satisfies the $H$-property if graphs sampled from it contain a Hamiltonian decomposition almost surely, which in turn implies that the corresponding network topologies are, e.g., structurally stable and structurally ensemble…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-02-16 Mohamed-Ali Belabbas , Xudong Chen

Graph neural networks provide a powerful toolkit for embedding real-world graphs into low-dimensional spaces according to specific tasks. Up to now, there have been several surveys on this topic. However, they usually lay emphasis on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-28 Yu Zhou , Haixia Zheng , Xin Huang , Shufeng Hao , Dengao Li , Jumin Zhao

In this work, we study the properties of sampling sets on families of large graphs by leveraging the theory of graphons and graph limits. To this end, we extend to graphon signals the notion of removable and uniqueness sets, which was…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Alejandro Parada-Mayorga , Alejandro Ribeiro

Hladky, Hu, and Piguet [Tilings in graphons, preprint] introduced the notions of matching and fractional vertex covers in graphons. These are counterparts to the corresponding notions in finite graphs. Combinatorial optimization studies the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-06-23 Martin Dolezal , Jan Hladky

We define a covering of a profinite graph to be a projective limit of a system of covering maps of finite graphs. With this notion of covering, we develop a covering theory for profinite graphs which is in many ways analogous to the…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2015-07-06 Amrita Acharyya , Jon M. Corson , Bikash Das

Graphon-based control has recently been proposed and developed to solve control problems for dynamical systems on networks which are very large or growing without bound (see Gao and Caines, CDC 2017, CDC 2018). In this paper, spectral…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-04-21 Shuang Gao , Peter E. Caines

In this paper we offer a metric similar to graph edit distance which measures the distance between two (possibly infinite)weighted graphs with finite norm (we define the norm of a graph as the sum of absolute values of its edges). The main…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2009-06-16 Hamed Daneshpajouh , Hamid Reza Daneshpajouh , Farzad Didehvar

In this note, we show how to obtain a "characteristic power series" of graphons -- infinite limits of dense graphs -- as the limit of normalized reciprocal characteristic polynomials. This leads to a new characterization of graph…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-09-20 Joshua N. Cooper

We characterise the form of all simple, finite graphs for which the girth of the graph is equal to the circumference of the graph. We apply this to prove a bound on the number of edges in such a graph.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-10-11 Lewis Stanton , Jeffrey Thompson

The foldings of a connected graph $G$ are defined as follows. First, $G$ is a folding of itself. Let $G'$ be a graph obtained from $G$ by identifying two vertices at distance 2 in $G$. Then every folding of $G'$ is a folding of $G$. The…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2008-02-25 David R. Wood

As relational datasets modeled as graphs keep increasing in size and their data-acquisition is permeated by uncertainty, graph-based analysis techniques can become computationally and conceptually challenging. In particular, node centrality…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2020-03-10 Marco Avella-Medina , Francesca Parise , Michael T. Schaub , Santiago Segarra

The function $\Gamma$ on the space of graphons, introduced in [CGH$^+$15], aims to measure the extent to which a graphon $w$ exhibits the Robinson property: for all $x<y<z$, $w(x,z)\leq \min\{ w(x,y),w(y,z)\}$. Robinson graphons form a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-06-26 Mahya Ghandehari , Jeannette Janssen