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There is growing evidence that Ho\v{r}ava gravity may be a viable quantum theory of gravity. It is thus legitimate to expect that gravitational collapse in the full, non-projectable version of the theory should result in geometries that are…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-07-11 Jacopo Mazza , Stefano Liberati

In this work, we derive rigorous and universal bounds on the geometric characteristics of black holes in asymptotically flat spacetimes under assumptions that weak energy condition is satisfied. We prove that the event horizon radius, the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-03-03 Vitalii Vertogradov

A quantum scalar field inside the horizon of a non-rotating BTZ black hole is studied. Not only the near-horizon modes but also the normal modes deep inside the horizon are obtained. It is shown that the matching condition for the normal…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2020-11-06 Ryuichi Nakayama , Kenji Shiohara

This article reviews the properties and limitations associated with the existence of particle, visual, and event horizons in cosmology in general and in inflationary universes in particular, carefully distinguishing them from `Hubble…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-12-06 George Ellis , Jean-Philippe Uzan

While singularities are inevitable in the classical theory of general relativity, it is commonly believed that they will not be present when quantum gravity effects are taken into account in a consistent framework. In particular, the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-12-12 Raúl Carballo-Rubio , Francesco Di Filippo , Stefano Liberati , Matt Visser

The understanding of strong-field dynamics near black-hole horizons is a long-standing and challenging prob- lem in general relativity. Recent advances in numerical relativity and in the geometric characterization of black- hole horizons…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2012-05-08 José Luis Jaramillo , Rodrigo P. Macedo , Philipp Moesta , Luciano Rezzolla

According to general relativity, trapping surfaces and horizons are classical causal structures that arise in systems with sharply defined energy and corresponding gravitational radius. The latter concept can be extended to a quantum…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-05-20 R. Casadio

We establish a correspondence between the gravitational phase space at null infinity and the subleading phase space near a finite-distance null hypersurface, such as a black hole horizon. Within this framework, we identify the celestial…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2026-03-11 Romain Ruzziconi , Céline Zwikel

In general relativity, a gravitational horizon (more commonly known as the "apparent horizon") is an imaginary surface beyond which all null geodesics recede from the observer. The Universe has an apparent (gravitational) horizon, but…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-09-19 Fulvio Melia

We consider a globally hyperbolic, stationary spacetime containing a black hole but no white hole. We assume, further, that the event horizon, $\tn$, of the black hole is a Killing horizon with compact cross-sections. We prove that if…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-28 Istvan Racz , Robert M. Wald

When analyzing the perception of Hawking radiation by different observers, the Hawking effect becomes mixed with the Unruh effect. The separation of both effects is not always clear in the literature. Here we propose an inconsistency-free…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-11-29 Luis C. Barbado , Carlos Barceló , Luis J. Garay , Gil Jannes

The Kerr-Newman metric is the unique vacuum solution of the General Relativistic field equations, in which any singularities or spacetime pathologies are hidden behind horizons. They are believed to describe the spacetimes of massive…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-04-21 Dimitrios Psaltis

Recently, two of us have argued that non-Kerr black holes in gravity theories different from General Relativity may have a topologically non-trivial event horizon. More precisely, the spatial topology of the horizon of non-rotating and…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2012-04-16 Cosimo Bambi , Francesco Caravelli , Leonardo Modesto

In classical General Relativity (GR), an observer falling into an astrophysical black hole is not expected to experience anything dramatic as she crosses the event horizon. However, tentative resolutions to problems in quantum gravity, such…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-11-01 Jahed Abedi , Hannah Dykaar , Niayesh Afshordi

It is known that the event horizon of a black hole can often be identified from the zeroes of some curvature invariants. The situation in lower dimensions has not been thoroughly clarified. In this work we investigate both (2+1)- and…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-11-19 Daniele Gregoris , Yen Chin Ong , Bin Wang

In this chapter, we study special photon orbits defined by means of Killing vectors and present a framework based on the properties of such null orbits. For concreteness, we restrict ourselves to the case of axially symmetric spacetimes…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-02-13 Daniela Pugliese , Hernando Quevedo

Recently the Event Horizon Telescope observed black holes at event horizon scales for the first time, enabling us to now test the existence of event horizons. Although event horizons have by definition no observable features, one can look…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-09-18 Joost de Kleuver , Thomas Bronzwaer , Heino Falcke , Ramesh Narayan , Yosuke Mizuno , Oliver Porth , Hector Olivares

Einstein's equations imply that a gravitationally collapsed object forms an event horizon. But what lies on the other side of this horizon? In this paper, we question the reality of the conventional solution (the black hole), and point out…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-05-22 Kostas Tzanavaris , Latham Boyle , Neil Turok

A general definition of a black hole is given, and general `laws of black-hole dynamics' derived. The definition involves something similar to an apparent horizon, a trapping horizon, defined as a hypersurface foliated by marginal surfaces…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-22 Sean A. Hayward

A semi-classical reasoning leads to the non-commutativity of space and time coordinates near the horizon of static non-extreme black hole, and renders the classical horizon spreading to {\it Quantum Horizon} . In terms of the background…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Mu-Lin Yan , Hua Bai