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Spin-orbit torque and spin-transfer torque are leading the pathway to the future of spintronic memories. However, both of the mechanisms are suffering from intrinsic limitations. In particular, an external magnetic field is required for…

Stochastic magnetic tunnel junctions (s-MTJ) is a promising component of probabilistic bit (p-bit), which plays a pivotal role in probabilistic computers. For a standard cell structure of the p-bit, s-MTJ is desired to be insensitive to…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2024-07-12 Rikuto Ota , Keito Kobayashi , Keisuke Hayakawa , Shun Kanai , Kerem Y. Çamsarı , Hideo Ohno , Shunsuke Fukami

We demonstrate that thermally stable perpendicular magnetic tunnel junctions (pMTJs), widely used in spin-transfer torque magnetic random-access memory, can be actuated with nanosecond pulses to exhibit tunable stochastic behavior. This…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2026-01-15 Ahmed Sidi El Valli , Michael Tsao , Dairong Chen , Andrew D. Kent

The responses of the electrical current and the current-induced spin transfer torque (CISTT) to an ac bias in addition to a dc bias in a magnetic tunnel junction are investigated by means of the time-dependent nonquilibrium Green function…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Zhen-Gang Zhu , Gang Su , Qing-Rong Zheng , Biao Jin

We have theoretically studied the full counting statistics of electron transport through a single-molecule magnet (SMM) with an arbitrary angle between the applied magnetic field and the SMM's easy axis above the sequential tunneling…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2011-04-21 Hai-Bin Xue , Y. -H. Nie , Z. -J. Li , J. -Q. Liang

We report a novel approach to engineering large voltage-controlled magnetic anisotropy (VCMA) and enhanced spin-orbit coupling (SOC) at the interface of single-layer graphene (SLG) and NiFe (Py) through non-covalent functionalization with…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-07-15 Ambika Shanker Shukla , Abhishek Erram , Heston Alfred Mendonca , Deepak Kumar , Akanksha Chouhan , Ashwin A. Tulapurkar

While the effects of lattice mismatch-induced strain, mechanical strain, as well as the intrinsic strain of thin films are sometimes detrimental, resulting in mechanical deformation and failure, strain can also be usefully harnessed for…

We perform an experimental study of DC current induced microwave emission in a magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) consisting of three active magnetic layers. For this tri-layer structure, in addition to a conventional bilayer orthogonal MTJ…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2020-07-22 R. N. S. Rajapakse , Z. M. Zeng , H. W. Jiang

Three-terminal magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ), where non-volatile magnetization state can be switched via spin orbit torque (SOT), is attracting massive research interests since it is featured by high speed, low power, nearly unlimited…

Applied Physics · Physics 2025-06-13 Hongjie Ye , Zhaohao Wang

Valley-spin hall (VSH) effect in monolayer WSe2 has been shown to exhibit highly beneficial features for nonvolatile memory (NVM) design. Key advantages of VSH-based magnetic random-access memory (VSH-MRAM) over spin orbit torque (SOT)-MRAM…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-09-20 Karam Cho , Sumeet Kumar Gupta

Perpendicular shape anisotropy (PSA) and double magnetic tunnel junctions (DMTJ) offer practical solutions to downscale spin-transfer-torque Magnetic Random-Access Memory (STT-MRAM) beyond 20 nm technology nodes, whilst retaining their…

Current-induced magnetization excitation is a core phenomenon for next-generation magnetic nanodevices, and has been attributed to the spin-transfer torque (STT) that originates from the transfer of the spin angular momentum between a…

Materials Science · Physics 2016-03-30 K. J. Kim , T. Moriyama , T. Koyama , D. Chiba , S. W. Lee , S. J. Lee , K. J. Lee , H. W. Lee , T. Ono

The study of the effects of scaling on magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) devices has become an important topic in the field of spin-based memory devices. Here, we investigate the effect of elastic dephasing on trilayer and pentalayer MTJ…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2018-09-18 Debasis Das , Ashwin Tulapurkar , Bhaskaran Muralidharan

The Perpendicular Shape Anisotropy Spin Transfer Torque Magnetic Random Access Memory (PSA-STT-MRAM) is a recent concept proposed to maintain the thermal stability of standard MRAM at small diameters, considering thick vertical pillars as…

We present a novel memory device that consists of a thin ferromagnetic layer of Fe deposited on topological insulator thin film, Bi2Se3. The ferromagnetic layer has perpendicular anisotropy, due to MgO deposited on the top surface of Fe.…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2016-02-18 Bahniman Ghosh , Rik Dey , Leonard F. Register , Sanjay K. Banerjee

Magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) are key enablers of spintronic technologies used in a variety of applications including information storage, microwave generation and detection, as well as unconventional computing. Here, we present…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-03-12 Andrea Meo , Chengcen Sha , Emily Darwin , Riccardo Tomasello , Mario Carpentieri , Ilya N. Krivorotov , Giovanni Finocchio

It has been demonstrated that the switching of perpendicular magnetization can be achieved with spin orbit torque (SOT) at an ultrafast speed and low energy consumption. However, to make the switching deterministic, an undesirable magnetic…

Applied Physics · Physics 2019-07-24 Zhaohao Wang , Zuwei Li , Min Wang , Bi Wu , Daoqian Zhu , Weisheng Zhao

We study in-plane magnetic tunnel junctions with additional perpendicular polarizer for subnanosecond-current-induced switching memories. The spin-transfer-torque switching dynamics was studied as a function of the cell aspect ratio both…

In this letter, we show that Giant Spin Hall Effect (GSHE) MRAM can enable better energy- delay and voltage performance than traditional MTJ based spin torque devices at scaled nanomagnet dimensions (10-30 nm). Firstly, we derive the effect…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-06-12 Sasikanth Manipatruni , Dmitri E. Nikonov , Ian A. Young

Nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers, atomic spin defects in diamond, represent an active contender for advancing transformative quantum information science (QIS) and innovations. One of the major challenges for designing NV-based hybrid systems…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2024-12-30 Gerald Q. Yan , Nathan McLaughlin , Tatsuya Yamamoto , Senlei Li , Takayuki Nozaki , Shinji Yuasa , Chunhui Rita Du , Hailong Wang