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Traditional computers with von Neumann architecture are unable to meet the latency and scalability challenges of Deep Neural Network (DNN) workloads. Various DNN accelerators based on Conventional compute Hardware Accelerator (CHA),…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-08-11 Tom Glint , Chandan Kumar Jha , Manu Awasthi , Joycee Mekie

Power is the primary design objective of large-scale integrated circuits (ICs), especially for complex modern processors (i.e., CPUs). Accurate CPU power evaluation requires designers to go through the whole time-consuming IC implementation…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Qijun Zhang , Yao Lu , Mengming Li , Shang Liu , Zhiyao Xie

Prior work on Automatically Scalable Computation (ASC) suggests that it is possible to parallelize sequential computation by building a model of whole-program execution, using that model to predict future computations, and then…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2018-09-21 Peter Kraft , Amos Waterland , Daniel Y Fu , Anitha Gollamudi , Shai Szulanski , Margo Seltzer

The increasing computational demands of modern AI systems have exposed fundamental limitations of digital hardware, driving interest in alternative paradigms for efficient large-scale inference. Dense Associative Memory (DenseAM) is a…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-12-18 Marc Gong Bacvanski , Xincheng You , John Hopfield , Dmitry Krotov

In the recent past, the success of Neural Architecture Search (NAS) has enabled researchers to broadly explore the design space using learning-based methods. Apart from finding better neural network architectures, the idea of automation has…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-04 Qing Lu , Weiwen Jiang , Xiaowei Xu , Yiyu Shi , Jingtong Hu

There has been abundant research on the development of Approximate Circuits (ACs) for ASICs. However, previous studies have illustrated that ASIC-based ACs offer asymmetrical gains in FPGA-based accelerators. Therefore, an AC that might be…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2020-12-29 Bharath Srinivas Prabakaran , Vojtech Mrazek , Zdenek Vasicek , Lukas Sekanina , Muhammad Shafique

The Abstraction and Reasoning Corpus (ARC), later renamed ARC-AGI, poses a fundamental challenge in artificial general intelligence (AGI), requiring solutions that exhibit robust abstraction and reasoning capabilities across diverse tasks,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-14 Etienne Guichard , Felix Reimers , Mia Kvalsund , Mikkel Lepperød , Stefano Nichele

Homomorphic encryption (HE) enables computation on encrypted data, and hence it has a great potential in privacy-preserving outsourcing of computations to the cloud. Hardware acceleration of HE is crucial as software implementations are…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-10-13 Ahmet Can Mert , Aikata , Sunmin Kwon , Youngsam Shin , Donghoon Yoo , Yongwoo Lee , Sujoy Sinha Roy

FIR filters are used in many performance/power critical applications such as mobile communication devices, analogue to digital converters and digital signal processing applications. Design of appropriate FIR filters usually causes the order…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2014-03-19 Fazel Sharifi , Saba Amanollahi , Mohammad Amin Taherkhani , Omid Hashemipour

It is known that in some cases a Random Access Machine (RAM) benefits from having an additional input that is an arbitrary number, satisfying only the criterion of being sufficiently large. This is known as the ARAM model. We introduce a…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2013-10-18 Michael Brand

Over the past decade alternative technologies have gained momentum as conventional digital electronics continue to approach their limitations, due to the end of Moore's Law and Dennard Scaling. At the same time, we are facing new…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2020-06-16 Armin Mehrabian , Volker J. Sorger , Tarek El-Ghazawi

Many computer systems for calculating the proper organization of memory are among the most critical issues. Using a tier cache memory (along with branching prediction) is an effective means of increasing modern multi-core processors'…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2021-05-21 Mohamed A. Hamada , Abdelrahman Abdallah

Domain-specific accelerators are used in various computing systems ranging from edge devices to data centers. Coarse-grained reconfigurable arrays (CGRAs) represent an architectural midpoint between the flexibility of an FPGA and the…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-01-04 Taeyoung Kong , Kalhan Koul , Priyanka Raina , Mark Horowitz , Christopher Torng

Tensor processing units (TPUs) are one of the most well-known machine learning (ML) accelerators utilized at large scale in data centers as well as in tiny ML applications. TPUs offer several improvements and advantages over conventional ML…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-07-12 Mohammed Elbtity , Peyton Chandarana , Ramtin Zand

At the intersection between traditional CPU architectures and more specialized options such as FPGAs or ASICs lies the family of reconfigurable hardware architectures, termed Coarse-Grained Reconfigurable Arrays (CGRAs). CGRAs are composed…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-09-05 Maxime Henri Aspros , Juan Sapriza , Giovanni Ansaloni , David Atienza

We present a class of massively parallel processor architectures called invasive tightly coupled processor arrays (TCPAs). The presented processor class is a highly parameterizable template, which can be tailored before runtime to fulfill…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2014-05-14 Vahid Lari , Alexandru Tanase , Frank Hannig , Jürgen Teich

This paper summarizes the idea of Adaptive-Latency DRAM (AL-DRAM), which was published in HPCA 2015, and examines the work's significance and future potential. AL-DRAM is a mechanism that optimizes DRAM latency based on the DRAM module and…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2018-05-09 Donghyuk Lee , Yoongu Kim , Gennady Pekhimenko , Samira Khan , Vivek Seshadri , Kevin Chang , Onur Mutlu

In recent years, many accelerators have been proposed to efficiently process sparse tensor algebra applications (e.g., sparse neural networks). However, these proposals are single points in a large and diverse design space. The lack of…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-01-11 Yannan Nellie Wu , Po-An Tsai , Angshuman Parashar , Vivienne Sze , Joel S. Emer

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have been shown to outperform conventional machine learning algorithms across a wide range of applications, e.g., image recognition, object detection, robotics, and natural language processing. However, the high…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-04-23 Ye Yu , Yingmin Li , Shuai Che , Niraj K. Jha , Weifeng Zhang

As the increasing complexity of Neural Network(NN) models leads to high demands for computation, AMD introduces a heterogeneous programmable system-on-chip (SoC), i.e., Versal ACAP architectures featured with programmable logic (PL), CPUs,…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-05-31 Jinming Zhuang , Zhuoping Yang , Peipei Zhou