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We present new proofs of eight integral representations of the Catalan numbers. Then, we create analogous integral representations of the Motzkin numbers and obtain new results. Most integral representations of counting sequences found in…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2019-01-23 Peter McCalla , Asamoah Nkwanta

We give a combinatorial proof of an identity that involves Eulerian numbers and was obtained algebraically by Brenti and Welker (2009). To do so, we study alcoved triangulations of dilated hypersimplices. As a byproduct, we describe the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-03-31 Jerónimo Valencia-Porras

Multiple analogues of certain families of combinatorial numbers are recently constructed by the author in terms of well poised Macdonald functions, and some of their fundamental properties are developed. In this paper, we present…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-01-05 Hasan Coskun

Model checking and automated theorem proving are two pillars of formal methods. This paper investigates model checking from an automated theorem proving perspective, aiming at combining the expressiveness of automated theorem proving and…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2017-10-03 Ying Jiang , Jian Liu , Gilles Dowek , Kailiang Ji

In this case-study in computer-human collaboration, we develop, implement, and execute symbolic-computational algorithms for the automatic discovery and proof of explicit expressions for the expectation, variance, and higher moments of a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-03-25 Shalosh B. Ekhad , Doron Zeilberger

Mechanized theorem proving is becoming the basis of reliable systems programming and rigorous mathematics. Despite decades of progress in proof automation, writing mechanized proofs still requires engineers' expertise and remains labor…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2019-04-19 Yutaka Nagashima

Given two combinatorial identities proved earlier, a new set of variations of these combinatorial identities is listed and proved with the integral representation method. Some identities from literature are shown to be special cases of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-05-17 M. J. Kronenburg

In this paper, we investigate the weighted Catalan, Motzkin and Schr\"oder numbers together with the corresponding weighted paths. The relation between these numbers is illustrated by three equations, which also lead to some known and new…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-08-17 Zhi Chen , Hao Pan

A probability method is provided to prove three classes of combinatorial identities. The method is extremely simple, only one step after the proper probability setup.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2009-11-02 Tong Zhu

We describe a technique for mechanically proving certain kinds of theorems in combinatorics on words, using automata and a package for manipulating them. We illustrate our technique by solving, purely mechanically, an open problem of Currie…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2012-03-30 Dane Henshall , Jeffrey Shallit

We present a~novel approach to the problem of automated theorem proving. Polynomial cost procedures that recognise sentences belonging to a theory are generated on a basis of a set of axioms of the so-called Truncated Predicate Calculus…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2019-07-31 Grzegorz Wiaderek , Iwona Skalna

We provide a method, based on automata theory, to mechanically prove the correctness of many numeration systems based on Fibonacci numbers. With it, long case-based and induction-based proofs of correctness can be replaced by simply…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2023-09-07 Jeffrey Shallit , Sonja Linghui Shan

Many combinatorial sequences (for example, the Catalan and Motzkin numbers) may be expressed as the constant term of $P(x)^k Q(x)$, for some Laurent polynomials $P(x)$ and $Q(x)$ in the variable $x$ with integer coefficients. Denoting such…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-10-01 William Y. C. Chen , Qing-Hu Hou , Doron Zeilberger

We first establish the result that the Narayana polynomials can be represented as the integrals of the Legendre polynomials. Then we represent the Catalan numbers in terms of the Narayana polynomials by three different identities. We give…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2008-05-12 Toufik Mansour , Yidong Sun

The family of cycle completable graphs has several cryptomorphic descriptions, the equivalence of which has heretofore been proven by a laborious implication-cycle that detours through a motivating matrix completion problem. We give a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-09-06 Maria Chudnovsky , Ian Malcolm Johnson McInnis

We give characterizations of unital uniform topological algebras and saturated locally multiplicatively convex algebras by means of multiplicative linear functionals. Some automatic continuity theorems in advertibly complete uniform…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2014-01-03 M. El Azhari

Processing information, acquired by subjective assessments, involves inconsistency analysis in most (if not all) applications of which some are of considerable importance at a national level (see, Koczkodaj/Kulakowski/Ligenza,…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2015-08-06 W. W. Koczkodaj , J. Szybowski

In the paper, the authors analytically generalize the Catalan numbers in combinatorial number theory, establish an integral representation of the analytic generalization of the Catalan numbers by virtue of Cauchy's integral formula in the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-04-18 Wen-Hui Li , Jian Cao , Da-Wei Niu , Jiao-Lian Zhao , Feng Qi

A study of assisted problem solving formalized via decompositions of deterministic finite automata is initiated. The landscape of new types of decompositions of finite automata this study uncovered is presented. Languages with various…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2007-07-04 Peter Gaži , Branislav Rovan

We define a weighted analog for the multidimensional Catalan numbers, obtain matrix-based recurrences for some of them, and give conditions under which they are periodic. Building on this framework, we introduce two new sequences of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-10-17 Ryota Inagaki , Dimana Pramatarova