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Until recently, infrared observations of exoplanetary atmospheres have typically been interpreted using models that assumed solar elemental abundances. With the chemical composition fixed, attempts have been made to classify hot Jupiter…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-11 Nikku Madhusudhan

Observational breakthroughs in the exoplanet field of the last decade motivated the development of numerous theoretical models describing atmospheres and mass loss, which is believed to be one of the main drivers of planetary evolution. We…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-12-13 Daria Kubyshkina , Luca Fossati , Nikolai V. Erkaev

We present a synopsis of the project to establish thirty-two new faint ($ 16.5 \leq V \leq 19.8 $) DA white dwarfs as spectrophotometric standards distributed over the whole sky. Our results validate the use of fully radiative pure hydrogen…

Some white dwarfs undergo significant changes in atmospheric composition owing to the diffusion and mixing of residual hydrogen in a helium-rich envelope. Of particular interest are a few objects exhibiting hydrogen and helium line…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-01-28 Antoine Bédard , Pier-Emmanuel Tremblay

We present first results of three-dimensional (3D-) calculations of turbulent and degenerate hydrogen-burning on top of a C+O white dwarf of one solar mass. The simulations are carried out by means of a code which solves Euler's equation…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 A. Kercek , W. Hillebrandt , J. W. Truran

Ultra-hot Jupiters present extreme atmospheric phenomena not found in the Solar System. These planets' daysides experience strong temperature inversions, molecular species (including H2) dissociate, and magnetism disrupts their atmospheric…

Heavy metal subdwarfs are a class of hot subdwarfs with very high abundances of heavy elements, typically around 10 000 times solar. They include stars which are strongly enhanced in either lead or zirconium, as well as other elements.…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-03-29 L. J. A. Scott , C. S. Jeffery , C. M. Byrne , M. Dorsch

Measurements of the C/O ratio in brown dwarfs are lacking, in part due to past models adopting solar C/O only. We have expanded the ATMO 2020 atmosphere model grid to include non-solar metallicities and C/O ratios in the T dwarf regime. We…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2023-12-05 Mark W. Phillips , Michael C. Liu , Zhoujian Zhang

Spectroscopic phase curves of hot Jupiters measure their emission spectra at multiple orbital phases, thus enabling detailed characterisation of their atmospheres. Precise constraints on the atmospheric composition of these exoplanets offer…

We have studied the abundance of oxygen in the IGM by analyzing OVI, CIV, SiIV, and HI pixel optical depths derived from a set of high-quality VLT and Keck spectra of 17 QSOs at 2.1 < z < 3.6. Comparing OVI and CIV optical depth ratios to…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Anthony Aguirre , Corey Dow-Hygelund , Joop Schaye , Tom Theuns

We have obtained FUSE and HST/STIS time-resolved spectroscopy of the polar AM Herculis during a deep low state. The spectra are entirely dominated by the emission of the white dwarf. Both the far-ultraviolet (FUV) flux as well as the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 B. T. Gaensicke , K. S. Long , M. A. Barstow , I. Hubeny

We have calculated a grid of photospheric phase atmospheres of Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) with metallicities from ten times to one thirtieth the solar metallicity in the C+O layer of the deflagration model, W7. We have modeled the spectra…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 Eric J. Lentz , E. Baron , David Branch , Peter H. Hauschildt , Peter E. Nugent

Observed X-ray spectra of some isolated magnetized neutron stars display absorption features, sometimes interpreted as ion cyclotron lines. Modeling the observed spectra is necessary to check this hypothesis and to evaluate neutron star…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2009-07-03 V. F. Suleimanov , A. Y. Potekhin , K. Werner

We present a new magnetic-atmosphere model code for obtaining synthetic spectral fluxes of hydrogen-rich magnetic white dwarfs. To date, observed spectra have been analyzed with models that neglect the magnetic field's effects on the atomic…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-07-17 Matías Vera-Rueda , René D. Rohrmann

We present an updated model of the cosmic ionizing background from the UV to the X-rays. Relative to our previous model (Faucher-Giguere et al. 2009), the new model provides a better match to a large number of up-to-date empirical…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-02-05 C. -A. Faucher-Giguere

New, high-resolution MARCS synthetic spectra have been calculated for more than a dozen mixtures of the metals allowing, in turn, for variations in C:N:O, [CNO/Fe], and enhanced abundances of C, O, Mg, and Si. Bolometric Corrections (BCs)…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2021-12-15 Don A. VandenBerg , Bengt Edvardsson , Luca Casagrande , Jason W. Ferguson

The importance of allowance for the time-dependent effect in the kinetics at the photospheric phase during a supernova explosion has been confirmed by several independent research groups. The time-dependent effect provides a higher degree…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2017-07-10 M. Sh. Potashov , S. I. Blinnikov , V. P. Utrobin

Context. Clumping is a common property of stellar winds and is being incorporated to a solution of the radiative transfer equation coupled with kinetic equilibrium equations. However, in static hot model atmospheres, clumping and its…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2021-11-10 Jiří Kubát , Brankica Kubátová

Recent work has shown that most globular clusters have at least two chemically distinct components, as well as cluster-to-cluster differences in the mean [O/Fe], [Mg/Fe], and [Si/Fe] ratios at similar [Fe/H] values. In order to investigate…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-05 Don A. VandenBerg , Peter A. Bergbusch , Aaron Dotter , Jason W. Ferguson , Georges Michaud , Jacques Richer , Charles Proffitt

Collision-induced absorption (CIA) from molecular hydrogen is a dominant opacity source in the atmosphere of cool white dwarfs. It results in a significant flux depletion in the near-IR and IR parts of their spectra. Because of the extreme…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2017-10-18 Simon Blouin , Piotr M. Kowalski , Patrick Dufour