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Starting from the guiding principles of spacetime locality and operationalism, a general framework for a probabilistic description of nature is proposed. Crucially, no notion of time or metric is assumed, neither any specific physical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-08-17 Robert Oeckl

A universal framework for the joint measurement of multiple localized observables in quantum field theory satisfying spacetime locality and compositionality is still lacking. We present an approach to the problem that is based on the one…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-05-20 Robert Oeckl , Adamantia Zampeli

In this paper we consider general probabilistic theories that pertain to circuits which satisfy two very natural assumptions. We provide a formalism that is local in the following very specific sense: calculations pertaining to any region…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-06-04 Lucien Hardy

One of the basic observations of the classical world is that physical entities are real and can be distinguished from each other. However, within quantum theory, the idea of physical realism is not well established. A framework to analyse…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-04-25 Shubhayan Sarkar

We expect a theory of Quantum Gravity to be both probabilistic and have indefinite causal structure. Indefinite causal structure poses particular problems for theory formulation since many of the core ideas used in the usual approaches to…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-04-02 Lucien Hardy

The Special Theory of Relativity and Quantum Mechanics merge in the key principle of Quantum Field Theory, the Principle of Locality. We review some examples of its ``unreasonable effectiveness'' (which shows up best in the formulation of…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2014-11-20 Sergio Doplicher

Classical and quantum mechanical descriptions of physical world are seamlessly abridged within the framework of Lagrangian formalism which, besides revealing the essence of nonlocally correlated dynamic evolution, helps understanding abrupt…

Classical Physics · Physics 2024-10-04 D Das

The quantum theory of a harmonic oscillator with a time dependent frequency arises in several important physical problems, especially in the study of quantum field theory in an external background. While the mathematics of this system is…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-13 Gaurang Mahajan , T. Padmanabhan

Within a global physical theory, a notion of locality allows us to find and justify information-processing primitives, like non-signalling between distant agents. Here we propose exploring the opposite direction: to take agents as the basic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-05-31 Lea Kraemer , Lidia del Rio

A concise review of the derivation of the Born rule and Schr\"odinger equation from first principles is provided. The starting point is a formalization of fundamental notions of measurement and composition, leading to a general framework…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-11-13 Robert Oeckl

Quantum theory is a probabilistic theory with fixed causal structure. General relativity is a deterministic theory but where the causal structure is dynamic. It is reasonable to expect that quantum gravity will be a probabilistic theory…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-08-31 Lucien Hardy

A central theme in current work in quantum information and quantum foundations is to see quantum mechanics as occupying one point in a space of possible theories, and to use this perspective to understand the special features and properties…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-06-19 Samson Abramsky , Chris Heunen

Electromagnetism is the paradigm case of a theory that satisfies relativistic locality. This can be proven by demonstrating that, once the theory's laws are imposed, what is happening within a region fixes what will happen in the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-17 Eugene Y. S. Chua , Charles T. Sebens

Einstein introduced the locality principle which states that all physical effect in some finite space-time region does not influence its space-like separated finite region. Recently, in algebraic quantum field theory, R\'{e}dei captured the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-04-06 Yuichiro Kitajima

A new approach to the model-independent description of quantum field theories will be introduced in the present work. The main feature of this new approach is to incorporate in a local sense the principle of general covariance of general…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2011-05-05 Romeo Brunetti , Klaus Fredenhagen , Rainer Verch

Fundamental principle of classical physics -- local realism, means that freely chosen observations can be explained by a local (slower than light) real process. It is apparently violated in quantum mechanics as shown by Bell theorem.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-08-07 Adam Bednorz

Underlying any theory of physics is a layer of conceptual frames. They connect the mathematical structures used in theoretical models with physical phenomena, but they also constitute our fundamental assumptions about reality. Many of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-12-01 Thomas Filk , Albrecht von Mueller

General relativity is a deterministic theory with non-fixed causal structure. Quantum theory is a probabilistic theory with fixed causal structure. In this paper we build a framework for probabilistic theories with non-fixed causal…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Lucien Hardy

Based on a clear ontology of material individuals, we analyze in detail the factual semantics of quantum theory, and argue that the basic mathematical formalism of quantum theory is just okay with (a certain form of ) realism and that it is…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2021-09-22 Alejandro Ascárate

Operational frameworks are very useful to study the foundations of quantum mechanics, and are sometimes used to promote antirealist attitudes towards the theory. The aim of this paper is to review three arguments aiming at defending an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-24 Laurie Letertre
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