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We investigate thermalization dynamics of a driven dipolar many-body quantum system through the stability of discrete time crystalline order. Using periodic driving of electronic spin impurities in diamond, we realize different types of…

We analyze the quantum dynamics of periodically driven, disordered systems in the presence of long-range interactions. Focusing on the stability of discrete time crystalline (DTC) order in such systems, we use a perturbative procedure to…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2017-07-10 Wen Wei Ho , Soonwon Choi , Mikhail D. Lukin , Dmitry A. Abanin

Periodically driven quantum systems host a range of non-equilibrium phenomena which are unrealizable at equilibrium. Discrete time-translational symmetry in a periodically driven many-body system can be spontaneously broken to form a…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2019-06-11 James O'Sullivan , Oliver Lunt , Christoph W. Zollitsch , M. L. W. Thewalt , John J. L. Morton , Arijeet Pal

Statistical mechanics underlies our understanding of macroscopic quantum systems. It is based on the assumption that out-of-equilibrium systems rapidly approach their equilibrium states, forgetting any information about their microscopic…

Our understanding of phases of matter relies on symmetry breaking, one example being water ice whose crystalline structure breaks the continuous translation symmetry of space. Recently, breaking of time translation symmetry was observed in…

Discrete time-crystals are periodically driven quantum many-body systems with broken discrete-time translational symmetry, a non-equilibrium steady state representing self-organization of motion of quantum particles. Observations of…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2022-06-28 Subhajit Sarkar , Yonatan Dubi

We study the depolarization dynamics of a dense ensemble of dipolar interacting spins, associated with nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond. We observe anomalously fast, density-dependent, and non-exponential spin relaxation. To explain…

We investigate the emergence of a time crystal in a driven-dissipative many-body spin array. In this system the interplay between incoherent spin pumping and collective emission stabilizes a synchronized non-equilibrium steady state which…

Driven systems offer the potential to realize a wide range of non-equilibrium phenomena that are inaccessible in static systems, such as the discrete time crystals. Time rondeau crystals with a partial temporal order have been proposed as a…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-10-24 Zhuocheng Ma , Jin Yan , Hongzheng Zhao , Liang-You Peng

Here we provide a theoretical framework to analyze discrete time-crystalline phases (DTC) in open quantum many-body systems. As a particular realization, we choose a quantum many-body system that exhibits cascaded prethermalization . The…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-09-01 Saptarshi Saha , Rangeet Bhattacharyya

Experimental advances have allowed for the exploration of nearly isolated quantum many-body systems whose coupling to an external bath is very weak. A particularly interesting class of such systems is those which do not thermalize under…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2022-10-05 Dominic V. Else , Christopher Monroe , Chetan Nayak , Norman Y. Yao

The most direct approach for characterizing the quantum dynamics of a strongly-interacting system is to measure the time-evolution of its full many-body state. Despite the conceptual simplicity of this approach, it quickly becomes…

Time crystals are nonequilibrium phases of matter characterized by the emergence of temporal ordering, in which an interacting many-body system develops robust structure in its time evolution that is not trivially dictated by the external…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-27 Gonzalo Camacho , Benedikt Fauseweh

Dipolar spin ensembles with random spin positions attract much attention currently because they help to understand decoherence as it occurs in solid state quantum bits in contact with spin baths. Also, these ensembles are systems which may…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2023-12-08 Timo Gräßer , Kristine Rezai , Alexander O. Sushkov , Götz S. Uhrig

We establish a link between metastability and a discrete time-crystalline phase in a periodically driven open quantum system. The mechanism we highlight requires neither the system to display any microscopic symmetry nor the presence of…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2019-01-10 F. M. Gambetta , F. Carollo , M. Marcuzzi , J. P. Garrahan , I. Lesanovsky

The discrete time crystal (DTC) is a recently discovered phase of matter that spontaneously breaks time-translation symmetry. Disorder-induced many-body-localization is required to stabilize a DTC to arbitrary times, yet an experimental…

Quantum many-body systems display rich phase structure in their low-temperature equilibrium states. However, much of nature is not in thermal equilibrium. Remarkably, it was recently predicted that out-of-equilibrium systems can exhibit…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-02-10 Xiao Mi , Matteo Ippoliti , Chris Quintana , Ami Greene , Zijun Chen , Jonathan Gross , Frank Arute , Kunal Arya , Juan Atalaya , Ryan Babbush , Joseph C. Bardin , Joao Basso , Andreas Bengtsson , Alexander Bilmes , Alexandre Bourassa , Leon Brill , Michael Broughton , Bob B. Buckley , David A. Buell , Brian Burkett , Nicholas Bushnell , Benjamin Chiaro , Roberto Collins , William Courtney , Dripto Debroy , Sean Demura , Alan R. Derk , Andrew Dunsworth , Daniel Eppens , Catherine Erickson , Edward Farhi , Austin G. Fowler , Brooks Foxen , Craig Gidney , Marissa Giustina , Matthew P. Harrigan , Sean D. Harrington , Jeremy Hilton , Alan Ho , Sabrina Hong , Trent Huang , Ashley Huff , William J. Huggins , L. B. Ioffe , Sergei V. Isakov , Justin Iveland , Evan Jeffrey , Zhang Jiang , Cody Jones , Dvir Kafri , Tanuj Khattar , Seon Kim , Alexei Kitaev , Paul V. Klimov , Alexander N. Korotkov , Fedor Kostritsa , David Landhuis , Pavel Laptev , Joonho Lee , Kenny Lee , Aditya Locharla , Erik Lucero , Orion Martin , Jarrod R. McClean , Trevor McCourt , Matt McEwen , Kevin C. Miao , Masoud Mohseni , Shirin Montazeri , Wojciech Mruczkiewicz , Ofer Naaman , Matthew Neeley , Charles Neill , Michael Newman , Murphy Yuezhen Niu , Thomas E. O\' Brien , Alex Opremcak , Eric Ostby , Balint Pato , Andre Petukhov , Nicholas C. Rubin , Daniel Sank , Kevin J. Satzinger , Vladimir Shvarts , Yuan Su , Doug Strain , Marco Szalay , Matthew D. Trevithick , Benjamin Villalonga , Theodore White , Z. Jamie Yao , Ping Yeh , Juhwan Yoo , Adam Zalcman , Hartmut Neven , Sergio Boixo , Vadim Smelyanskiy , Anthony Megrant , Julian Kelly , Yu Chen , S. L. Sondhi , Roderich Moessner , Kostyantyn Kechedzhi , Vedika Khemani , Pedram Roushan

Floquet (periodically driven) systems can give rise to unique non-equilibrium phases of matter without equilibrium analogs. The most prominent example is the realization of discrete time crystals. An intriguing question emerges: what other…

Non-equilibrium driving systems provide fertile ground for exploring intriguing spontaneous symmetry breaking phenomena. In this study, we report on the intertwined discrete spacetime translational symmetry breaking in a driven-dissipative…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2024-06-25 Xingdong Luo

When the discrete time-translation symmetry of isolated, periodically driven systems is spontaneously broken, a new phase of matter can emerge. We review some recent developments on both the theoretical underpinnings and experimental…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-11-28 Norman Y. Yao , Chetan Nayak
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