Related papers: Muon bundles from extensive air showers
It is well known that the rate of cosmic ray muons depends on the atmospheric temperature, and that for events with a single muon the peak of the rate is in summer, in underground laboratories in the northern hemisphere. In 2015 the MINOS…
The multiplicity measurements include the pseudorapidity density, $\rm{d}N_{\rm ch}/\rm{d}{\eta}$, and the probability distribution as a function of the number of charged particles, $\rm{P}(N_{\rm ch})$. ALICE has measured the…
In extensive air shower experiments, the number of muons crossing a detector at a given position, as well as their arrival time, arrival direction, and energy, are determined by a more fundamental 3-dimensional distribution linked to the…
The flux of neutrino-induced muons has been measured with the MACRO detector. Different event topologies have been detected, due to neutrino interactions in the apparatus and in the rock below it. The upward-throughgoing muon sample is the…
We investigate the physical mechanism of the GZ-effect that could explain the production of multiple primaries from an event initiated outside the Earth's atmosphere. In this case, there would correspondingly be multiple extensive air…
The energy spectrum of muons produced in air showers depends not only on the properties of the primary particle, but also on the atmosphere. This is because of the competition between decay and interaction of the parent mesons, which…
This paper reviews the history of the atmospheric neutrino anomaly. The historical record does not support more recent claims that the anomaly constitutes evidence for a neutrino mass. Most experiments have reported an apparent muon…
Cosmic-rays with energies up to $3\times10^{20}$ eV have been observed. The nuclear composition of these cosmic rays is unknown but if the incident nuclei are protons then the corresponding center of mass energy is $\sqrt{s_{nn}} = 700$…
In November 2010 the ALICE experiment at CERN has collected the first Pb--Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 2.76 TeV produced by the LHC. A first characterization of the hot and dense state of matter produced in this new energy domain…
Underground experiments searching for rare events, such as interactions from dark matter, need to exhibit background as low as possible. One source of background is from cosmic ray muons and muon-induced neutron production. Presently these…
The MicroBooNE experiment is a liquid argon TPC experiment designed for short-baseline neutrino physics, currently running at Fermilab. Due to its location near the surface, cosmic muons can be a source of backgrounds to many analyses and…
Atmospheric muons are the most frequently observed form of cosmic radiation. Despite this, the existence of the muon flux component produced in decays of short-lived parent particles, called prompt muon flux still awaits experimental…
Decays of mesons produced in cosmic ray induced air showers in Earth's atmosphere can lead to a flux of light exotic particles which can be detected in underground experiments. We evaluate the energy spectra of the light neutral mesons…
The modern picture of the neutrino as a multiple mass highly mixed neutral particle has emerged over 40 years of study. Best known of the issues leading to this picture was the apparent loss of neutrinos coming from the sun. This article…
The IceCube collaboration has recently reported the observation of two events with energies in excess of 1 PeV. While an atmospheric origin of these events cannot be ruled out at this time, this pair of showers may potentially represent the…
Muons serve as the best probes of the physics of hadronic interactions in the upper atmosphere because of their simple physics. All the properties of detected muons, such as their energy and angle of incidence, are governed by the…
We show that the rate of charged-current muon-neutrino events with a hard internal bremsstrahlung photon is consistent with the excess electron-neutrino candidate events reported by the MiniBoone and LSND (decay in flight) experiments. Hard…
The interaction cross section of charged pions with air nuclei is a critical parameter for accurately simulating extensive air showers. Improving the modeling of high-energy pion interactions is essential for addressing the muon puzzle-the…
A dedicated cosmic muon Monte-Carlo event generator CMSCGEN has been developed for the CMS experiment. The simulation relies on parameterisations of the muon energy and the incidence angle, based on measured and simulated data of the cosmic…
The DAMA dark matter search experiment observes a statistically significant percent-level variation of its low-energy count rate with a period of one year. In this note we recall some of the arguments which challenge the hypothesis that the…