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The precision of quantum metrology is widely believed to be restricted by the Heisenberg limit, corresponding to a root mean square error that is inversely proportional to the number of independent processes probed in an experiment, N. In…

Quantum entanglement and coherence often allow for protocols that outperform classical ones in estimating a system's parameter. When using infinite-dimensional probes (such as a bosonic mode), one could in principle obtain infinite…

We address the metrological problem of estimating collective stochastic properties imprinted on a network of quantum sensors. Canonical examples include center-of-mass quadrature fluctuations in a system of bosonic modes and correlated…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-27 Anthony J. Brady , Yu-Xin Wang , Victor V. Albert , Alexey V. Gorshkov , Quntao Zhuang

By exploiting the correlation properties of ultracold atoms in a multi-mode interferometer, we show how quantum enhanced measurement precision can be achieved with strong robustness to particle loss. While the potential for enhanced…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-04-03 J. J. Cooper , D. W. Hallwood , J. A. Dunningham , J. Brand

Quantum machine learning seeks a computational advantage in data processing by evaluating functions of quantum states, such as their similarity, that can be classically intractable to compute. For quantum advantage to be possible, however,…

Quantum metrology promises higher precision measurements than classical methods. Entanglement has been identified as one of quantum resources to enhance metrological precision. However, generating entangled states with high fidelity…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-16 Jeongwoo Jae , Jiwon Lee , M. S. Kim , Kwang-Geol Lee , Jinhyoung Lee

It was suggested in Ref. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 114, 170802] that optical networks with relatively inexpensive overhead---single photon Fock states, passive optical elements, and single photon detection---can show significant improvements over…

Only with the simultaneous estimation of multiple parameters are the quantum aspects of metrology fully revealed. This is due to the incompatibility of observables. The fundamental bound for multi-parameter quantum estimation is the Holevo…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-11-20 Francesco Albarelli , Jamie F. Friel , Animesh Datta

Distributed quantum metrology can enhance the sensitivity for sensing spatially distributed parameters beyond the classical limits. Here we demonstrate distributed quantum phase estimation with discrete variables to achieve Heisenberg limit…

Quantum sensing employs quantum resources of a sensor to attain a smaller estimation error of physical quantities than the limit constrained by classical physics. To measure a quantum reservoir, which is significant in decoherence control,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-05-21 Wei Wu , Zhen Peng , Si-Yuan Bai , Jun-Hong An

Entanglement often increases quantum measurement schemes' sensitivity. However, we find that in precision measurements with zero-mean Gaussian states, such as squeezed states, entanglement between different paths degrades measurement…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-28 Benjamin Lou , Hudson A. Loughlin , Nergis Mavalvala

Photonic sensors have many applications in a range of physical settings, from measuring mechanical pressure in manufacturing to detecting protein concentration in biomedical samples. A variety of sensing approaches exist, and plasmonic…

We propose a quantum interferometric protocol that leverages spin-dependent spatial displacements to enable high-precision parameter estimation beyond classical limits. By inducing a unitary coupling between a particles spin degree of…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-06-25 Necati Celik , Songul Akbulut Ozen , Burhan Engin

Nonlinear spectroscopy with quantum entangled photons is an emerging field of research that holds the promise to achieve a superior signal-to-noise ratio and effectively isolate many-body interactions. Photon sources used for this purpose…

Quantum metrology deals with improving the resolution of instruments that are otherwise limited by shot noise and it is therefore a promising avenue for enabling scientific breakthroughs. The advantage can be even more striking when quantum…

The optimal quantum measurements for estimating different unknown parameters in a parameterized quantum state are usually incompatible with each other. Traditional approaches to addressing the measurement incompatibility issue, such as the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-03 Sisi Zhou , Senrui Chen

We consider estimating a small transverse displacement of an optical beam over a line-of-sight propagation path: a problem that has numerous important applications ranging from establishing a lasercom link, single-molecule tracking, guided…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-05-26 Haoyu Qi , Kamil Brádler , Christian Weedbrook , Saikat Guha

Precise measurements are the key to advances in all fields of science. Quantum entanglement shows higher sensitivity than achievable by classical methods. Most physical quantities including position, displacement, distance, angle, and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-07-05 Zhi-Yuan Zhou , Shi-Long Liu , Shi-Kai Liu , Yin-Hai Li , Dong-Sheng Ding , Guang-Can Guo , Bao-Sen Shi

Adopting quantum resources for parameter estimation discloses the possibility to realize quantum sensors operating at a sensitivity beyond the standard quantum limit. Such approach promises to reach the fundamental Heisenberg scaling as a…

Interferometers with atomic ensembles constitute an integral part of modern precision metrology. However, these interferometers are fundamentally restricted by the shot noise limit, which can only be overcome by creating quantum…