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We propose a bipartite quantum key distribution (QKD) protocol based on causal nonseparability: the presence of a resource -- a process matrix -- that does not correspond to any definite causal order between two parties. In our protocol,…

Secure communication has achieved a new dimension with the advent of the schemes of quantum key distribution (QKD) as in contrast to classical cryptography, quantum cryptography can provide unconditional security. However, a successful…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-12-09 Arindam Dutta , Anirban Pathak

Decoy-state quantum key distribution (QKD) is a standard technique in current quantum cryptographic implementations. Unfortunately, existing experiments have two important drawbacks: the state preparation is assumed to be perfect without…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-09-09 Feihu Xu , Kejin Wei , Shihan Sajeed , Sarah Kaiser , Shihai Sun , Zhiyuan Tang , Li Qian , Vadim Makarov , Hoi-Kwong Lo

Semi-quantum key distribution (SQKD) can share secret keys by using less quantum resource than its fully quantum counterparts, and this likely makes SQKD become more practical and realizable. In this paper, we present a new SQKD protocol by…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-03-03 Wei Zhang , Daowen Qiu

The advent of quantum key distribution (QKD) has revolutionized secure communication by providing unconditional security, unlike classical cryptographic methods. However, its effectiveness relies on robust identity authentication, as…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-11 Arindam Dutta

Many quantum key distribution (QKD) protocols require random choice of measurement basis for each pulse or each train of pulses. In some QKD protocols, such as the Round-Robin Differential Phase Shift (RRDPS) QKD protocol, this requirement…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-04-18 Toshihiko Sasaki , Kiyoshi Tamaki , Masato Koashi

We study the security of a specific authentication procedure of interest in the context of Quantum Key Distribution (QKD). It works as follows: use a secret but fixed Strongly Universal$_2$ (SU$_2$) hash function and encrypt the output tag…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-09-26 Aysajan Abidin , Jan-Åke Larsson

The laws of quantum mechanics allow unconditionally secure key distribution protocols. Nevertheless, security proofs of traditional quantum key distribution (QKD) protocols rely on a crucial assumption, the trustworthiness of the quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-10-08 Umesh Vazirani , Thomas Vidick

Semi-quantum key distribution (SQKD) protocols allow for the establishment of a secret key between two users Alice and Bob, when one of the two users (typically Bob) is limited or "classical" in nature. Recently it was shown that protocols…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-06-16 Walter O. Krawec

We propose two quantum key distribution (QKD) protocols based on Bell's inequality, which can be considered as modified time-reversed E91 protocol. Similar to the measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution (MDI-QKD) protocol,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-07-29 Hua-Lei Yin , Yao Fu , Yan-Lin Tang , Yuan Li , Teng-Yun Chen , Zeng-Bing Chen

The security issues facing quantum key distribution (QKD) are explained, herein focusing on those issues that are cryptographic and information theoretic in nature and not those based on physics. The problem of security criteria is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-02-25 Horace Yuen

The fabrication of quantum key distribution (QKD) systems typically involves several parties, thus providing Eve with multiple opportunities to meddle with the devices. As a consequence, conventional hardware and/or software hacking attacks…

We present a passive approach to the security analysis of quantum key distribution (QKD) with an untrusted source. A complete proof of its unconditional security is also presented. This scheme has significant advantages in real-life…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-13 Yi Zhao , Bing Qi , Hoi-Kwong Lo , Li Qian

The security of quantum key distribution (QKD) is severely threatened by discrepancies between realistic devices and theoretical assumptions. Recently, a significant framework called the reference technique was proposed to provide security…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-11-21 Jie Gu , Xiao-Yu Cao , Yao Fu , Zong-Wu He , Ze-Jie Yin , Hua-Lei Yin , Zeng-Bing Chen

In quantum key distribution implementations, each session is typically chosen long enough so that the secret key rate approaches its asymptotic limit. However, this choice may be constrained by the physical scenario, as in the perspective…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-06-18 Davide Bacco , Matteo Canale , Nicola Laurenti , Giuseppe Vallone , Paolo Villoresi

Quantum computing poses significant threats to conventional cryptographic techniques such as RSA and AES, motivating the need for quantum secure communication methods. Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) offers information theoretic security…

We present a detailed security analysis of a d-dimensional quantum key distribution protocol based on two and three mutually unbiased bases (MUBs) both in an asymptotic and finite key length scenario. The finite secret key rates are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-07-21 Kamil Bradler , Mohammad Mirhosseini , Robert Fickler , Anne Broadbent , Robert Boyd

The evolution of Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) relies on innovative methods to enhance its security and efficiency. Unextendible Product Bases (UPBs) hold promise in quantum cryptography due to their inherent indistinguishability, yet they…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-04-15 Pratapaditya Bej , Vinod Jayakeerthi

This paper investigates a reconciliation method in order to establish an errorless secret key in a QKD protocol. Classical key distribution protocols are no longer unconditionally secure because computational complexity of mathematical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-02-19 Nedra Benletaief , Houria Rezig , Ammar Bouallegue

Quantum key distribution (QKD) has often been hailed as a reliable technology for secure communication in cyber-physical microgrids. Even though unauthorized key measurements are not possible in QKD, attempts to read them can disturb…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-05-21 Suman Rath , Neel Kanth Kundu , Subham Sahoo