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The observational evidence for the acceleration of the universe demonstrates that canonical theories of gravitation and particle physics are incomplete, if not incorrect. The next generation of astronomical facilities must both be able to…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2012-05-09 C. J. A. P. Martins

With the release of Gaia DR3, we extend the comparison between dynamical models for the Milky Way rotation curve initiated in the previous work. Utilising astrometric and spectro-photometric data for 719143 young disc stars within $|z|<1$…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-12-10 William Beordo , Mariateresa Crosta , Mario Gilberto Lattanzi

I review methods and techniques to build mass models of disk galaxies from gas dynamics. I focus on two key steps: (1) the derivation of rotation curves using 3D emission-line datacubes from HI, CO, and/or H-alpha observations, and (2) the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-01-14 Federico Lelli

We study the dynamics of galactic disk formation and evolution in 'realistic' LambdaCDM haloes with idealized baryonic initial conditions. We add rotating spheres of hot gas at z=1.3 to two fully cosmological dark-matter-only halo…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-04 Michael Aumer , Simon D. M. White

The equation of motion in the generally covariant modified gravity (MOG) theory leads for weak gravitational fields and the non-relativistic limit to a modification of the Newtonian gravitational acceleration law, expressed in terms of two…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2016-10-31 J. W. Moffat

The puzzling correlation between the spin parameter lambda of galactic disks and the disk-to-halo mass fraction fdisk is investigated. We show that such a correlation arises naturally from uncertainties in determining the virial masses of…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Andreas Burkert , Frank C. van den Bosch , Rob A. Swaters

The Lambda-CDM cosmological model is succesful at reproducing various independent sets of observations concerning the large-scale Universe. This model is however currently, and actually in principle, unable to predict the gravitational…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2013-10-16 Benoit Famaey , Stacy McGaugh

The existence of a kinematic morphology-density relation remains uncertain, and instead stellar mass appears the more dominant driver of galaxy kinematics. We investigate the dependence of the stellar spin parameter proxy $\lambda_{R_e}$ on…

Available proper motion measurements of Milky Way (MW) satellite galaxies are used to calculate their orbital poles and projected uncertainties. These are compared to a set of recent cold dark-matter (CDM) simulations, tailored specifically…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Manuel Metz , Pavel Kroupa , Noam I. Libeskind

It has long been regarded as difficult for a cosmological model to account simultaneously for the galaxy luminosity, mass, and velocity distributions. We revisit this issue using a modern compilation of observational data along with the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-18 Sebastian Trujillo-Gomez , Anatoly Klypin , Joel Primack , Aaron J. Romanowsky

We decompose the rotation curves of 34 bright spiral galaxies into baryonic and dark matter components. Stellar mass profiles are created by applying color-M/L relations to near-infrared and optical photometry. We find that the radial…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 Susan A. Kassin , Roelof S. de Jong , Benjamin J. Weiner

We currently have two different hypotheses to solve the missing mass problem: dark matter (DM) and modified Newtonian dynamics (MOND). In this work, we use Bayesian inference applied to the Spitzer Photometry and Accurate Rotation Curves…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-01-19 Mariia Khelashvili , Anton Rudakovskyi , Sabine Hossenfelder

We investigate galaxy clustering and galaxy-mass correlations in the LCDM cosmological model using a large volume SPH simulation. For the most part, the predicted biases between galaxies and dark matter lead to good agreement with current…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 David H. Weinberg , Romeel Dav'e , Neal Katz , Lars Hernquist

HI-Selected galaxies obey a linear relationship between their maximum detected radius Rmax and rotational velocity. This result covers measurements in the optical, ultraviolet, and HI emission in galaxies spanning a factor of 30 in size and…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2018-03-23 Gerhardt R. Meurer , Danail Obreschkow , O. Ivy Wong , Zheng Zheng , Fiona M. Audcent-Ross , D. J. Hanish

The formation of the disk and feedback from supernova winds impacts the distribution of dark matter in galaxies. Recently, Di Cintio et al. (2014b) characterized the halo response from baryonic processes in hydrodynamical simulations via a…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2016-05-19 Andrew B. Pace

We measure the line-of-sight accelerations of 26 binary pulsars due to the Milky Way's gravitational potential, and produce a 3-dimensional map of the acceleration field of the Galaxy. Acceleration measurements directly give us the change…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-05-22 Thomas Donlon , Sukanya Chakrabarti , Lawrence M. Widrow , Michael T. Lam , Philip Chang , Alice C. Quillen

Galaxies are not isolated systems; they continuously interact with their surroundings by ejecting gas via stellar feedback and accreting gas from the environment. Understanding the interplay between outflows from the disc and the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-05-14 Filippo Barbani , Raffaele Pascale , Federico Marinacci , Paul Torrey , Laura V. Sales , Hui Li , Mark Vogelsberger

We present results from a careful and detailed analysis of the structural and dynamical properties of a sample of 29 disc-like objects identified at z=0 in three AP3M-SPH fully consistent cosmological simulations. These simulations are…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-06 A. Saiz , R. Dominguez-Tenreiro , P. B. Tissera , S. Courteau

We examine the tidal disruption of satellite galaxies in a cosmological simulation of the formation of a disk galaxy in the $\Lambda$CDM scenario. We find that the disruption of satellite galaxies in orbits roughly coplanar with the disk…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Amina Helmi , Julio F. Navarro , Andres Meza , Matthias Steinmetz , Vincent R. Eke

Genzel et al. have recently published the rotation curves of six high-redshift disc galaxies ($z\sim 0.9-2.4$), which they find to be `baryon dominated' within the studies radii. While not up to the standard afforded by data available for…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2017-04-26 Mordehai Milgrom