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We present an overview of possible reasons for the appearance of heavy-tailed distributions in applications to the natural sciences. These distributions include the laws of Pareto, Lotka, and some new ones. The reasons are illustrated using…

Physics and Society · Physics 2023-01-24 Lev B. Klebanov , Yulia V. Kuvaeva

We propose a family of models that enable predictive estimation of time-varying extreme event probabilities in heavy-tailed and nonlinearly dependent time series. The models are a white noise process with conditionally log-Laplace…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-01-19 Gordon V. Chavez

Consider two stationary time series with heavy-tailed marginal distributions. We aim to detect whether they have a causal relation, that is, if a change in one causes a change in the other. Usual methods for causal discovery are not well…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-11-20 Juraj Bodik , Zbyněk Pawlas , Milan Paluš

Existing theory for multivariate extreme values focuses upon characterizations of the distributional tails when all components of a random vector, standardized to identical margins, grow at the same rate. In this paper, we consider the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2013-12-20 J. L. Wadsworth , J. A. Tawn

We study large deviation probabilities for a sum of dependent random variables from a heavy-tailed factor model, assuming that the components are regularly varying. We identify conditions where both the factor and the idiosyncratic terms…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-12-05 Boualem Djehiche , Jens Svensson

Human activities can play a crucial role in the statistical properties of observables in many complex systems such as social, technological and economic systems. We demonstrate this by looking into the heavy-tailed distributions of…

Physics and Society · Physics 2009-08-24 Jie-Jun Tseng , Ming-Jer Lee , Sai-Ping Li

Accurate and efficient estimation of rare events probabilities is of significant importance, since often the occurrences of such events have widespread impacts. The focus in this work is on precisely quantifying these probabilities, often…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-05-23 Konstantinos G. Papakonstantinou , Hamed Nikbakht , Elsayed Eshra

We consider a new approach in the definition of two-dimensional heavy-tailed distributions. Namely, we introduce the classes of two-dimensional long-tailed, of twodimensional dominatedly varying and of two-dimensional consistently varying…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-06-25 Dimitrios G. Konstantinides , Charalampos D. Passalidis

We consider the estimation of small probabilities or other risk quantities associated with rare but catastrophic events. In the model-based literature, much of the focus has been devoted to efficient Monte Carlo computation or analytical…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-01-02 Zhiyuan Huang , Henry Lam , Zhenyuan Liu

Various natural phenomena exhibit spatial extremal dependence at short spatial distances. However, existing models proposed in the spatial extremes literature often assume that extremal dependence persists across the entire domain. This is…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-05-01 Arnab Hazra , Raphaël Huser , David Bolin

This paper focuses on rare events associated with the tail probabilities of the extremal eigenvalues in the $\beta$-Jacobi ensemble, which plays a critical role in both multivariate statistical analysis and statistical physics. Under the…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-09-26 Yutao Ma , Siyu Wang

We consider the fitting of heavy tailed data and distribution with a special attention to distributions with a non--standard shape in the "body" of the distribution. To this end we consider a dense class of heavy tailed distributions…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2017-05-15 Mogens Bladt , Leonardo Rojas-Nandayapa

Consider $n$ i.i.d. random vectors on $\mathbb{R}^2$, with unknown, common distribution function $F$. Under a sharpening of the extreme value condition on $F$, we derive a weighted approximation of the corresponding tail copula process.…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2007-06-13 John H. J. Einmahl , Laurens de Haan , Deyuan Li

We propose an analytical approach to the computation of tail probabilities of compound distributions whose individual components have heavy tails. Our approach is based on the contour integration method, and gives rise to a representation…

Computational Finance · Quantitative Finance 2017-10-04 Igor Halperin

Heavy-tailed distributions are infamously difficult to estimate because their moments tend to infinity as the shape of the tail decay increases. Nevertheless, this study shows the utilization of a modified group of moments for estimating a…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-07-31 Amenah AL-Najafi , Ugur Tirnakli , Kenric P. Nelson

We study high-dimensional signal recovery from non-linear measurements with design vectors having elliptically symmetric distribution. Special attention is devoted to the situation when the unknown signal belongs to a set of low statistical…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2016-11-14 Larry Goldstein , Stanislav Minsker , Xiaohan Wei

In this paper, we address rare-event simulation for heavy-tailed L\'evy processes with infinite activities. The presence of infinite activities poses a critical challenge, making it impractical to simulate or store the precise sample path…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-08-07 Xingyu Wang , Chang-Han Rhee

In this paper, we discuss the emergence of extreme events in a parametrically driven non-polynomial mechanical system with a velocity-dependent potential. We confirm the occurrence of extreme events from the probability distribution…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2021-06-22 S. Sudharsan , A. Venkatesan , P. Muruganandam , M. Senthilvelan

We present results of the numerical simulations and the scaling characteristics of one-dimensional random fluctuations with heavy tailed probability distribution functions. Assuming that the distribution function of the random fluctuations…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2017-08-16 Mohsen Ghasemi Nezhadhaghighi

We investigate temporal behavior of probability density functions (pdfs) of paradigmatic jump-type and continuous processes that, under confining regimes, share common heavy-tailed asymptotic (target) pdfs. Namely, we have shown that under…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-05-18 Piotr Garbaczewski , Vladimir Stephanovich , Dariusz Kȩdzierski