English
Related papers

Related papers: How Fermat found extrema

200 papers

The real roots of the cubic and quartic polynomials are studied geometrically with the help of their respective Siebeck--Marden--Northshield equilateral triangle and regular tetrahedron. The Vi\`ete trigonometric formulae for the roots of…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2023-09-29 Emil M. Prodanov

In this article we apply a formula for the $n$-th power of a $3\times 3$ matrix (found previously by the authors) to investigate a procedure of Khovanskii's for finding the cube root of a positive integer. We show, for each positive integer…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2019-01-04 James Mc Laughlin , B. Sury

The main result of the present article is a proof of Fermat's Last Theorem for sufficiently large prime exponents $p$ with $p \equiv 2 \pmod{3}$ over certain number fields. A particular case of these fields are the maximal real subfields of…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-07-24 Luis Dieulefait , Franco Golfieri Madriaga

Proofs of the fundamental theorem of algebra can be divided up into three groups according to the techniques involved: proofs that rely on real or complex analysis, algebraic proofs, and topological proofs. Algebraic proofs make use of the…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2015-04-23 Piotr Błaszczyk

We describe a new incomplete but terminating method for real root finding for large multivariate polynomials. We take an abstract view of the polynomial as the set of exponent vectors associated with sign information on the coefficients.…

Symbolic Computation · Computer Science 2018-04-30 Thomas Sturm

A suggestion is put forward regarding a partial proof of FLT(case1), which is elegant and simple enough to have caused Fermat's enthusiastic remark in the margin of his Bachet edition of Diophantus' "Arithmetica". It is based on an…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2007-05-23 N. F. Benschop

A polynomial is real-rooted if all of its roots are real. For every polynomial $f(t) \in {\mathbf R}[t]$, the Hermite-Sylvester theorem associates a quadratic form $\Phi_2$ such that $f(t)$ is real-rooted if and only if $\Phi_2$ is positive…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2022-12-14 Melvyn B. Nathanson

Recently the problem of constructing a perfect Euler cuboid was related with three conjectures asserting the irreducibility of some certain three polynomials depending on integer parameters. In this paper a partial result toward proving the…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2011-09-13 Ruslan Sharipov

This paper presents an alternative proof of the Fundamental Theorem of Algebra that has several distinct advantages. The proof is based on simple ideas involving continuity and differentiation. Visual software demonstrations can be used to…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2020-10-02 Christopher Thron , Jordan T. Barry

Univariate polynomial root-finding is a classical subject, still important for modern computing. Frequently one seeks just the real roots of a polynomial with real coefficients. They can be approximated at a low computational cost if the…

Symbolic Computation · Computer Science 2017-04-14 Victor Y. Pan , Liang Zhao

Univariate polynomial root-finding is both classical and important for modern computing. Frequently one seeks just the real roots of a polynomial with real coefficients. They can be approximated at a low computational cost if the polynomial…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2014-07-01 Victor Y. Pan

In this paper we develop a new method which is a generalization of the Obreshkoff -Ehrlich method for the cases of algebraic, trigonometric and exponential polynomials. This method has a cubic rate of convergence. It is efficient from the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-10-20 A. I. Iliev

The purpose of this note is to report, in narrative rather than rigorous style, about the nice geometry of $6$-division points on the Fermat cubic $F$ and various conics naturally attached to them. Most facts presented here were derived by…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2022-11-02 Tomasz Szemberg , Justyna Szpond

We devise a simple but remarkably accurate iterative routine for calculating the roots of a polynomial of any degree. We demonstrate that our results have significant improvement in accuracy over those obtained by methods used in popular…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-09-15 Hashim A. Yamani , Abdulaziz D. Alhaidari

The direct or algorithmic approach for the Jacobian problem, consisting of the direct construction of the inverse polynomials is proposed. The so called principle and derived Jacobi conditions are proposed and discussed. The algorithmic…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2016-10-07 Dhananjay P. Mehendale

We estimate the number of primes represented by a general quadratic polynomial with discriminant $\Delta$, assuming that the corresponding real character is exceptional.

Number Theory · Mathematics 2020-11-12 Fernando Chamizo , Jorge Jiménez Urroz

We present three new, practical algorithms for polynomials in $\mathbb{Z}[x]$: one to test if a polynomial is cyclotomic, one to determine which cyclotomic polynomials are factors, and one to determine whether the given polynomial is…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2026-02-02 John Abbott , Nico Mexis

The theorem of three circles in real algebraic geometry guarantees the termination and correctness of an algorithm of isolating real roots of a univariate polynomial. The main idea of its proof is to consider polynomials whose roots belong…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2013-12-30 Julianna Zsidó

A classical theorem of d'Alembert states that if a polynomial P(x) with real coefficients has a non-real root x=a+ib, then it also has a root x=a-ib. We give a short and elementary inductive proof that avoids any properties of the complex…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2013-04-17 Tord Sjödin

We give a short proof -- not relying on ideal classes or the geometry of numbers -- of a known criterion for quadratic orders to possess unique factorization.

Number Theory · Mathematics 2020-10-13 Paul Pollack , Noah Snyder