Related papers: Classifying Subatomic Domains

We consider the class of all commutative reduced rings for which there exists a finite subset T of A such that all projections on quotients by prime ideals of A are surjective when restricted to T. A complete structure theorem is given for…

We revisit the standard axioms of domain theory with emphasis on their relation to the concept of partiality, explain how this idea arises naturally in probability theory and quantum mechanics, and then search for a mathematical setting…

Let $R$ be a $G$-graded ring. In this article, we introduce two new concepts on graded rings, namely, weakly graded rings and invertible graded rings, and we discuss the relations between these concepts and several properties of graded…

Quantum entanglement is at the heart of many tasks in quantum information. Apart from simple cases (low dimensions, few particles, pure states), however, the mathematical structure of entanglement is not yet fully understood. This tutorial…

We consider properties of polynomials with coefficients in division rings. A theorem on the decomposition of a polynomial with coefficients in an arbitrary division ring is obtained. It is shown that if a non-central element is not a root…

To each graph without loops and multiple edges we assign a family of rings. Categories of projective modules over these rings categorify $U^-_q(\mathfrak{g})$, where $\mathfrak{g}$ is the Kac-Moody Lie algebra associated with the graph.

This paper gives an introduction to the homotopy theory of quasi-categories. Weak equivalences between quasi-categories are characterized as maps which induce equivalences on a naturally defined system of groupoids. These groupoids…

We propose a new formalism of quantum subsystems which allows to unify the existing and new methods of reduced description of quantum systems. The main mathematical ingredients are completely positive maps and correlation functions. In this…

Using the tools of reverse mathematics in second-order arithmetic, as developed by Friedman, Simpson, and others, we determine the axioms necessary to develop various topics in commutative ring theory. Our main contributions to the field…

Let R be an associative ring with possible extra structure. R is said to be weakly small if there are countably many 1-types over any finite subset of R. It is locally P if the algebraic closure of any finite subset of R has property P. It…

The present paper introduces and studies some new types of rings and ideals such as completely nilary rings ( resp. completely nilary ideals ), weakly nilary ideals. Some properties of each are obtained and some characterizations of each…

The problem of expressing an element of K_2(F) in a more explicit form gives rise to many works. To avoid a restrictive condition in a work of Tate, Browkin considered cyclotomic elements as the candidate for the element with an explicit…

Any superrosy division ring (i.e. a division ring equipped with an abstract notion of rank) is shown to be centrally finite. Furthermore, division rings satisfying a generalized chain condition on definable subgroups are studied. In…

The purpose of this overview article, which can be viewed as a supplement to our previous review on quantum rings, [S. Viefers {\it et al}, Physica E {\bf 21} (2004), 1-35], is to highlight the differences of boson and fermion systems in…

Let $M$ be a cancellative and commutative monoid. A non-invertible element of $M$ is called an atom (or irreducible element) if it cannot be factored into two non-invertible elements, while an atom $a$ of $M$ is called strong if $a^n$ has a…

In this paper we give a factorization theorem for the ring of exponential polynomials in many variables over an algebraically closed field of characteristic 0 with an exponentiation. This is a generalization of the factorization theorem due…

We give a comprehensive study of the so-called \textit{semi-tripotent rings} obtaining their new and non-trivial characterization as well as a complete description in terms of sums and products of some special elements. Particularly, we…

A domain $R$ is said to have the finite factorization property if every nonzero non-unit element of $R$ has at least one and at most finitely many distinct factorizations up to multiplication of irreducible factors by central units. Let $k$…

An atomic monoid $M$ is called a length-factorial monoid (or an other-half-factorial monoid) if for each non-invertible element $x \in M$ no two distinct factorizations of $x$ have the same length. The notion of length-factoriality was…

Atomic-like systems in which electronic motion is two dimensional are now realizable as ``quantum dots''. In place of the attraction of a nucleus there is a confining potential, usually assumed to be quadratic. Additionally, a perpendicular…