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There are many theories that have resided these last fifty years within the hazy mist we have been calling the Standard Model (SM) of elementary particles. An attempt is made here to construct a coherent description of the SM today, because…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2019-11-25 James D. Wells

At present, the Standard Model (SM) agrees with almost all collider data. Yet, three finetuning issues -- the Higgs mass problem, the strong CP problem and the cosmological constant problem -- all call for new physics. The most plausible…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-05-03 Howard Baer

We show that warm inflation can be realized within a minimal extension of the Standard Model with three right-handed neutrinos, three complex scalars and a gauged lepton/B-L U(1) symmetry. This simple model can address all the shortcomings…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2022-01-05 Miguel Levy , João G. Rosa , Luis B. Ventura

We construct the New Minimal Standard Model that incorporates the new discoveries of physics beyond the Minimal Standard Model (MSM): Dark Energy, non-baryonic Dark Matter, neutrino masses, as well as baryon asymmetry and cosmic inflation,…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-09-29 Hooman Davoudiasl , Ryuichiro Kitano , Tianjun Li , Hitoshi Murayama

We conjecture how the particle content of the standard model can emerge starting with a supersymmetric Wess-Zumino model in 1+1 dimensions (d = 2) with three real boson and fermion fields. Considering SU(3) transformations, the lagrangian…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2016-01-12 P. J. Mulders

We present a comprehensive theoretical analysis of the General Standard Model (GSM), a recently proposed framework that unifies particle physics and cosmology within the Gravitational Quantum Field Theory (GQFT). Constructed from first…

General Physics · Physics 2026-01-30 Yue-Liang Wu

Extending the Standard Model with three right-handed neutrinos and a simple QCD axion sector can account for neutrino oscillations, dark matter and baryon asymmetry; at the same time, it solves the strong CP problem, stabilizes the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2021-09-24 Alberto Salvio , Simone Scollo

We present an extension of the standard model to dark sector with an unbroken local dark $U(1)_X$ symmetry. Including various singlet portal interactions provided by the standard model Higgs, right-handed neutrinos and kinetic mixing, we…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2015-06-17 Seungwon Baek , Pyungwon Ko , Wan-Il Park

The Peccei-Quinn symmetry is an automatic symmetry of the 3-3-1 gauge models which, consequently are not plagued with the strong CP problem. Nevertheless, the axion that emerges from spontaneous breaking of Peccei-Quinn symmetry cannot be…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2017-06-07 J. G. Ferreira , C. A de S. Pires , J. G. Rodrigues , P. S. Rodrigues da Silva

To explain the dark matter and the baryon asymmetry of the Universe, the parameters of the $\nu$MSM (an extension of the Minimal Standard Model by three singlet neutrinos with masses smaller than the electroweak scale) must be fine-tuned:…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2008-11-26 Mikhail Shaposhnikov

We consider a new physics model, where the Standard Model (SM) is extended by hyperchargeless $Y=0$ triplet fermions and Higgs triplet with hypercharge $Y=2$. The first two generation fermion triplets are even under the $Z_2$…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2023-04-21 Pritam Das , Najimuddin Khan

We propose a model of cosmology and particle physics in which all relevant scales arise in a natural way from an intermediate string scale. We are led to assign the string scale to the intermediate scale M_* \sim 10^{13} GeV by four…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-11-10 M. Bastero-Gil , V. Di Clemente , S. F. King

The Conformal Standard Model (CSM) is a minimal extension of the Standard Model of Particle Physics based on the assumed absence of large intermediate scales between the TeV scale and the Planck scale, which incorporates only right-chiral…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2018-03-07 Adrian Lewandowski , Krzysztof A. Meissner , Hermann Nicolai

We argue that the Standard Model (SM) in the Higgs phase does not suffer from a "hierarchy problem" and that similarly the "cosmological constant problem" resolves itself if we understand the SM as a low energy effective theory emerging…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2019-06-26 Fred Jegerlehner

There exists one experimental result that cannot be explained by the Standard Model (SM), the current theoretical framework for particle physics: non-zero masses for the neutrinos (elementary particles travelling close to light speed,…

Popular Physics · Physics 2013-09-06 S. Khalil , S. Moretti

The Two-Higgs-Doublet-Standard Model-Axion-Seesaw-Higgs-Portal inflation (2hdSMASH) model consisting of two Higgs doublets, a Standard Model (SM) singlet complex scalar and three SM singlet right-handed neutrinos can embed axion dark…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-07-17 Michael Matlis , Juhi Dutta , Gudrid Moortgat-Pick , Andreas Ringwald

Despite being very successful in explaining the wide range of precision experimental results obtained so far, the Standard Model (SM) of elementary particles fails to address two of the greatest observations of the recent decades: tiny but…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2010-11-19 Yasaman Farzan , Silvia Pascoli , Michael A. Schmidt

We propose a cogenesis mechanism that unifies the origin of QCD axion dark matter and the baryon asymmetry of the Universe in the framework of Peccei-Quinn pole inflation. The model integrates the Peccei-Quinn symmetry with the seesaw…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-12-16 Eung Jin Chun , Hyun Min Lee , Jun-Ho Song

In the Standard Model a Dark Matter candidate is missing, but it is relatively simple to enlarge the model including one or more suitable particles. We consider in this paper one such extension, inspired by simplicity and by the goal to…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2022-10-05 Laura Covi , Sarif Khan

In a recent paper, we identified a cosmological sector of a flipped $SU(5)$ model derived in the free fermionic formulation of the heterotic superstring, containing the inflaton and the goldstino superfields with a superpotential leading to…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2022-10-25 Ignatios Antoniadis , Dimitri V. Nanopoulos , John Rizos