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The PHENIX experiment has conducted searches for the QCD critical point with measurements of multiplicity fluctuations, transverse momentum fluctuations, event-by-event kaon-to-pion ratios, elliptic flow, and correlations. Measurements have…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2014-11-20 Jeffery T. Mitchell

One method for determining the characteristic parameters of a hadron production source is to measure the Bose-Einstein correlation functions. In this study, we present fundamental concepts and formulas related to the Bose-Einstein…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-01-22 Hai-Ming Hu , Guang-Shun Huang

We propose a new and universal approach to the hadronization problem that incorporates both perturbative QCD and effective field theory in their respective domains of validity and that models the transition between them in analogy to the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2016-09-01 John Ellis , Klaus Geiger

Correlations between charged particles provide important insight into the hadronization process. The analysis of the momentum difference between charged hadrons in $pp$, $p$-lead, and lead-lead collisions at LHC is performed by the ATLAS…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2023-01-18 S. Todorova-Nova

Extensive experimental data from high-energy nucleus-nucleus collisions were recorded using the PHENIX detector at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). The comprehensive set of measurements from the first three years of RHIC…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2009-09-29 PHENIX Collaboration , K. Adcox

Electron pairs or di-leptons in general are unique probes to study the hot and dense matter formed in relativistic heavy ion collisions at RHIC. Particularly, low mass di-leptons are sensitive to chiral symmetry restoration effects and to…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2012-11-14 P. Garg , B. K. Singh

The PHENIX Experiment at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider has made measurements of event-by-event fluctuations in the net charge, the mean transverse momentum, and the charged particle multiplicity as a function of collision energy,…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2009-11-11 J. T. Mitchell

The heavy ion physics approach to global event characterization has led us to instrument the forward region in the PHENIX experiment at RHIC. In heavy ion collisions this coverage yields a measurement of the "spectator" energy and its…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2008-11-26 Sebastian N. White

The current status of the analysis of direct photon Bose-Einstein correlations in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=200$ GeV done by the PHENIX collaboration is summarized. All possible sources of distortion of the two-photon correlation…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2010-11-26 D. Peressounko

Bose-Einstein symmetrization can lead to correlations between out going identical particles which reflect the space-time extent of the collision process. At LEP and LEPII these correlations have been studied as a function of a single…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-10-31 Mark Smith

The PHENIX experiment measured the centrality dependence of two-pion Bose-Einstein correlation functions in $\sqrt{s_{_{NN}}}=200$~GeV Au$+$Au collisions at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider at Brookhaven National Laboratory. The data are…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2025-04-01 PHENIX Collaboration , N. J. Abdulameer , U. Acharya , A. Adare , C. Aidala , N. N. Ajitanand , Y. Akiba , R. Akimoto , H. Al-Ta'ani , J. Alexander , A. Angerami , K. Aoki , N. Apadula , Y. Aramaki , H. Asano , E. C. Aschenauer , E. T. Atomssa , T. C. Awes , B. Azmoun , V. Babintsev , M. Bai , B. Bannier , K. N. Barish , B. Bassalleck , S. Bathe , V. Baublis , S. Baumgart , A. Bazilevsky , R. Belmont , R. Belmont , A. Berdnikov , Y. Berdnikov , L. Bichon , B. Blankenship , D. S. Blau , J. S. Bok , V. Borisov , K. Boyle , M. L. Brooks , H. Buesching , V. Bumazhnov , S. Butsyk , S. Campbell , P. Castera , C. -H. Chen , D. Chen , M. Chiu , C. Y. Chi , I. J. Choi , J. B. Choi , S. Choi , R. K. Choudhury , P. Christiansen , T. Chujo , O. Chvala , V. Cianciolo , Z. Citron , B. A. Cole , M. Connors , M. Connors , R. Corliss , M. Csanád , T. Csörgő , L. D'Orazio , S. Dairaku , A. Datta , M. S. Daugherity , G. David , A. Denisov , A. Deshpande , E. J. Desmond , K. V. Dharmawardane , O. Dietzsch , L. Ding , A. Dion , M. Donadelli , V. Doomra , O. Drapier , A. Drees , K. A. Drees , J. M. Durham , A. Durum , S. Edwards , Y. V. Efremenko , T. Engelmore , A. Enokizono , R. Esha , K. O. Eyser , B. Fadem , D. E. Fields , M. Finger, , M. Finger , D. Firak , D. Fitzgerald , F. Fleuret , S. L. Fokin , J. E. Frantz , A. Franz , A. D. Frawley , Y. Fukao , T. Fusayasu , K. Gainey , C. Gal , A. Garishvili , I. Garishvili , A. Glenn , X. Gong , M. Gonin , Y. Goto , R. Granier de Cassagnac , N. Grau , S. V. Greene , M. Grosse Perdekamp , T. Gunji , L. Guo , T. Guo , H. -Å. Gustafsson , T. Hachiya , J. S. Haggerty , K. I. Hahn , H. Hamagaki , J. Hanks , K. Hashimoto , E. Haslum , R. Hayano , T. K. Hemmick , T. Hester , X. He , J. C. Hill , A. Hodges , R. S. Hollis , K. Homma , B. Hong , T. Horaguchi , Y. Hori , T. Ichihara , H. Iinuma , Y. Ikeda , J. Imrek , M. Inaba , A. Iordanova , D. Isenhower , M. Issah , D. Ivanishchev , B. V. Jacak , M. Javani , X. Jiang , Z. Ji , B. M. Johnson , K. S. Joo , D. Jouan , D. S. Jumper , J. Kamin , S. Kaneti , B. H. Kang , J. H. Kang , J. S. Kang , J. Kapustinsky , K. Karatsu , M. Kasai , G. Kasza , D. Kawall , A. V. Kazantsev , T. Kempel , A. Khanzadeev , K. M. Kijima , B. I. Kim , C. Kim , D. J. Kim , E. -J. Kim , H. J. Kim , K. -B. Kim , Y. -J. Kim , Y. K. Kim , E. Kinney , Á. Kiss , E. Kistenev , J. Klatsky , D. Kleinjan , P. Kline , Y. Komatsu , B. Komkov , J. Koster , D. Kotchetkov , D. Kotov , L. Kovacs , F. Krizek , A. Král , G. J. Kunde , B. Kurgyis , K. Kurita , M. Kurosawa , Y. Kwon , G. S. Kyle , Y. S. Lai , J. G. Lajoie , A. Lebedev , B. Lee , D. M. Lee , J. Lee , K. B. Lee , K. S. Lee , S. H. Lee , S. R. Lee , M. J. Leitch , M. A. L. Leite , M. Leitgab , B. Lewis , S. H. Lim , L. A. Linden Levy , M. X. Liu , S. Lökös , D. A. Loomis , B. Love , C. F. Maguire , Y. I. Makdisi , M. Makek , A. Manion , V. I. Manko , E. Mannel , S. Masumoto , M. McCumber , P. L. McGaughey , D. McGlinchey , C. McKinney , M. Mendoza , B. Meredith , Y. Miake , T. Mibe , A. C. Mignerey , A. Milov , D. K. Mishra , J. T. Mitchell , M. Mitrankova , Iu. Mitrankov , Y. Miyachi , S. Miyasaka , A. K. Mohanty , S. Mohapatra , H. J. Moon , D. P. Morrison , D. P. Morrison , S. Motschwiller , T. V. Moukhanova , B. Mulilo , T. Murakami , J. Murata , A. Mwai , T. Nagae , S. Nagamiya , J. L. Nagle , J. L. Nagle , M. I. Nagy , I. Nakagawa , Y. Nakamiya , K. R. Nakamura , T. Nakamura , K. Nakano , C. Nattrass , A. Nederlof , M. Nihashi , R. Nouicer , T. Novák , N. Novitzky , G. Nukazuka , A. S. Nyanin , E. O'Brien , C. A. Ogilvie , K. Okada , M. Orosz , A. Oskarsson , M. Ouchida , K. Ozawa , R. Pak , V. Pantuev , V. Papavassiliou , B. H. Park , I. H. Park , J. S. Park , S. Park , S. K. Park , L. Patel , S. F. Pate , H. Pei , J. -C. Peng , H. Pereira , D. Yu. Peressounko , R. Petti , C. Pinkenburg , R. P. Pisani , M. Potekhin , M. Proissl , M. L. Purschke , H. Qu , J. Rak , I. Ravinovich , K. F. Read , D. Reynolds , V. Riabov , Y. Riabov , E. Richardson , D. Richford , D. Roach , G. Roche , S. D. Rolnick , M. Rosati , B. Sahlmueller , N. Saito , T. Sakaguchi , V. Samsonov , M. Sano , M. Sarsour , S. Sawada , K. Sedgwick , R. Seidl , A. Sen , R. Seto , D. Sharma , I. Shein , T. -A. Shibata , K. Shigaki , M. Shimomura , K. Shoji , P. Shukla , A. Sickles , C. L. Silva , D. Silvermyr , K. S. Sim , B. K. Singh , C. P. Singh , C. P. Singh , V. Singh , M. Slunečka , K. L. Smith , R. A. Soltz , W. E. Sondheim , S. P. Sorensen , I. V. Sourikova , P. W. Stankus , E. Stenlund , M. Stepanov , A. Ster , S. P. Stoll , T. Sugitate , A. Sukhanov , J. Sun , Z. Sun , J. Sziklai , E. M. Takagui , A. Takahara , A. Taketani , Y. Tanaka , S. Taneja , K. Tanida , M. J. Tannenbaum , S. Tarafdar , A. Taranenko , E. Tennant , H. Themann , T. Todoroki , L. Tomášek , M. Tomášek , H. Torii , R. S. Towell , I. Tserruya , Y. Tsuchimoto , T. Tsuji , B. Ujvari , C. Vale , H. W. van Hecke , M. Vargyas , E. Vazquez-Zambrano , A. Veicht , J. Velkovska , M. Virius , A. Vossen , V. Vrba , E. Vznuzdaev , R. Vértesi , X. R. Wang , D. Watanabe , K. Watanabe , Y. Watanabe , Y. S. Watanabe , F. Wei , R. Wei , S. N. White , D. Winter , S. Wolin , C. L. Woody , M. Wysocki , B. Xia , Y. L. Yamaguchi , R. Yang , A. Yanovich , J. Ying , S. Yokkaichi , I. Younus , Z. You , I. E. Yushmanov , W. A. Zajc , A. Zelenski

Results from the PHENIX experiment for the first RHIC run with Au-Au collisions at a nucleon-nucleon center-of-mass energy of 130 GeV are presented. The systematic variation with centrality of charged particle multiplicity, transverse…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2019-08-14 W. A. Zajc

It is becoming increasingly clear that initial state effects inherent to collisions of nuclei play an important role in the interpretation of data from heavy ion collisions at RHIC and the LHC. Such effects are more apparent in kinematic…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2015-10-28 J. Matthew Durham

Transverse momentum spectra of identified $\pi^{+}$, $\pi^{-}$, $K^{+}$, $K^{-}$, p and $\overline{p}$ were measured by the PHENIX experiment at mid-rapidity in Au-Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=130$ GeV over a broad momentum range.…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2010-05-28 J. Velkovska

Bose-Einstein (or HBT) correlation functions are evaluated for the fractal structure of QCD jets. These correlation functions have a stretched exponential (or Levy-stable) form. The anomalous dimension of QCD determines the Levy index of…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2007-05-23 T. Csorgo , S. Hegyi , T. Novak , W. A. Zajc

PHENIX has measured many different two-particle azimuthal correlations in several different colliding systems, beam energies, $p_{T}$ windows, etc. The initial striking results from the first full energy Au+Au run have been confirmed, i.e.…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2019-08-14 N. Grau

Measurement of the in-medium energy loss of fast partons is one of the most active topics in heavy-ion physics. Such studies provide an opportunity to gain insight into the fundamental behavior of QCD processes by studying them away from…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2019-08-13 Matthew Nguyen

We present most recent PHENIX preliminary data on centrality dependence of two-pion Bose-Einstein correlation functions measured in \sqrt{sNN}=200 GeV Au+Au collisions at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). The data are well…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2023-04-20 Tamas Novak

Bose-Einstein correlations in proton-proton collisions is an effective tool to study the space structure of the production amplitude. Usually rather simple parametrization of particle-emission distribution function has been used -…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2019-10-23 V. A. Schegelsky

Based on quantum field theory at finite temperature we carried out new results for two-particle Bose-Einstein correlation (BEC) function ${C_2}(Q)$ in case of light hadrons. The important parameters of BEC function related to the size of…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2017-08-23 G. A. Kozlov