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The fast development of Large Language Models (LLMs) offers growing opportunities to further improve sequential recommendation systems. Yet for some practitioners, integrating LLMs to their existing base recommendation systems raises…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-04-17 Nanshan Jia , Chenfei Yuan , Yuhang Wu , Zeyu Zheng

Modularity is the fundamental aspect of modern software engineering, however many advanced modularity techniques requires prospective technologies as part of development and operation process. In this paper, we present Refinable Function,…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2021-09-15 Hiun Kim

The refinement calculus for logic programs is a framework for deriving logic programs from specifications. It is based on a wide-spectrum language that can express both specifications and code, and a refinement relation that models the…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Robert Colvin , Ian J. Hayes , Paul Strooper

Finetuning language agents with reasoning-action trajectories is effective, but obtaining these trajectories from human annotations or stronger models is costly and sometimes impractical. In this paper, we investigate the use of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-08 Zi-Yi Dou , Cheng-Fu Yang , Xueqing Wu , Kai-Wei Chang , Nanyun Peng

We introduce skipping refinement, a new notion of correctness for reasoning about optimized reactive systems. Reasoning about reactive systems using refinement involves defining an abstract, high-level specification system and a concrete,…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2015-02-11 Mitesh Jain , Panagiotis Manolios

Refinement is one of the cornerstones of a formal approach to software engineering. Refinement is the process of developing a more detailed design or implementation from an abstract specification through a sequence of mathematically-based…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2018-10-23 John Derrick , Brijesh Dongol , Steve Reeves

We propose RT (Refine Thought), a method that can enhance the semantic rea-soning ability of text embedding models. The method obtains the final semanticrepresentation by running multiple forward passes of the text embedding…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Guangzhi Wang , Kai Li , Yinghao Jiao , Zhi Liu

Refinement types enable lightweight verification of functional programs. Algorithms for statically inferring refinement types typically work by reduction to solving systems of constrained Horn clauses extracted from typing derivations. An…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2020-11-11 Zvonimir Pavlinovic , Yusen Su , Thomas Wies

Neural machine translation (NMT) models generally adopt an encoder-decoder architecture for modeling the entire translation process. The encoder summarizes the representation of input sentence from scratch, which is potentially a problem if…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-12-27 Xinwei Geng , Longyue Wang , Xing Wang , Bing Qin , Ting Liu , Zhaopeng Tu

The refinement calculus provides a methodology for transforming an abstract specification into a concrete implementation, by following a succession of refinement rules. These rules have been mechanized in theorem-provers, thus providing a…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2011-12-02 Andreas Griesmayer , Zhiming Liu , Charles Morisset , Shuling Wang

Relational program verification is a variant of program verification where one can reason about two programs and as a special case about two executions of a single program on different inputs. Relational program verification can be used for…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2019-10-23 Alejandro Aguirre , Gilles Barthe , Marco Gaboardi , Deepak Garg , Pierre-Yves Strub

Existing refinement calculi provide frameworks for the stepwise development of imperative programs from specifications. This paper presents a refinement calculus for deriving logic programs. The calculus contains a wide-spectrum logic…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Ian Hayes , Robert Colvin , David Hemer , Paul Strooper , Ray Nickson

The work presented in this thesis seeks to improve programmer productivity in the following ways: - by reducing the amount of code that has to be written to construct an application; - by increasing the reliability of the code written; and…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2010-06-18 Graham Kirby

Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have expanded the horizons of natural language understanding and generation. Notably, the output control and alignment with the input of LLMs can be refined through instruction tuning.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-19 Ming Li , Lichang Chen , Jiuhai Chen , Shwai He , Heng Huang , Jiuxiang Gu , Tianyi Zhou

Liquid typing provides a decidable refinement inference mechanism that is convenient but subject to two major issues: (1) inference is global and requires top-level annotations, making it unsuitable for inference of modular code components…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2019-10-31 Niki Vazou , Éric Tanter , David Van Horn

Can language models (LMs) self-refine their own responses? This question is increasingly relevant as a wide range of real-world user interactions involve refinement requests. However, prior studies have largely tested LMs' refinement…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Young-Jun Lee , Seungone Kim , Byung-Kwan Lee , Minkyeong Moon , Yechan Hwang , Jong Myoung Kim , Graham Neubig , Sean Welleck , Ho-Jin Choi

In an effort to automatically evaluate and select the best model and improve code quality for automatic incident remediation in IT Automation, it is crucial to verify if the generated code for remediation action is syntactically and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Ngoc Phuoc An Vo , Brent Paulovicks , Vadim Sheinin

Refinement types are a well-studied manner of performing in-depth analysis on functional programs. The dependency pair method is a very powerful method used to prove termination of rewrite systems; however its extension to higher order…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2011-01-25 Cody Roux

Several practical tools for automatically verifying functional programs (e.g., Liquid Haskell and Leon for Scala programs) rely on a heuristic based on unrolling recursive function definitions followed by quantifier-free reasoning using SMT…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Adithya Murali , Lucas Peña , Ranjit Jhala , P. Madhusudan

Program refinement involves correctness-preserving transformations from formal high-level specification statements into executable programs. Traditional verification tool support for program refinement is highly interactive and lacks…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-06-28 Yufan Cai , Zhe Hou , Xiaokun Luan , David Miguel Sanan Baena , Yun Lin , Jun Sun , Jin Song Dong