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Oversubscribed treatments are often allocated using randomized waiting lists. Applicants are ranked randomly, and treatment offers are made following that ranking until all seats are filled. To estimate causal effects, researchers often…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-10-24 Clement de Chaisemartin , Luc Behaghel

In using observed data to make inferences about a population quantity, it is commonly assumed that the sampling distribution from which the data were drawn belongs to a given parametric family of distributions, or at least, a given finite…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-10-21 Russell J. Bowater

For some variants of regression models, including partial, measurement error or error-in-variables, latent effects, semi-parametric and otherwise corrupted linear models, the classical parametric tests generally do not perform well. Various…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2015-03-25 Pranab K. Sen , Jana Jureckova , Jan Picek

This paper considers the problem of ranking objects based on their latent merits using data from pairwise interactions. We allow for incomplete observation of these interactions and study what can be inferred about rankings in such…

Econometrics · Economics 2025-09-23 Federico Crippa , Danil Fedchenko

This paper addresses the problem of rank aggregation, which aims to find a consensus ranking among multiple ranking inputs. Traditional rank aggregation methods are deterministic, and can be categorized into explicit and implicit methods…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2013-09-27 Shuzi Niu , Yanyan Lan , Jiafeng Guo , Xueqi Cheng

Comparing alternatives in pairs is a well-known method of ranking creation. Experts are asked to perform a series of binary comparisons and then, using mathematical methods, the final ranking is prepared. As experts conduct the individual…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2018-12-12 Konrad Kułakowski

Estimating the dependences between random variables, and ranking them accordingly, is a prevalent problem in machine learning. Pursuing frequentist and information-theoretic approaches, we first show that the p-value and the mutual…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2012-07-02 Harald Steck

It is common to rank different categories by means of preferences that are revealed through data on choices. A prominent example is the ranking of political candidates or parties using the estimated share of support each one receives in…

Econometrics · Economics 2024-02-02 Sergei Bazylik , Magne Mogstad , Joseph Romano , Azeem Shaikh , Daniel Wilhelm

Reconstruction of population histories is a central problem in population genetics. Existing coalescent-based methods, like the seminal work of Li and Durbin (Nature, 2011), attempt to solve this problem using sequence data but have no…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2020-05-11 Younhun Kim , Frederic Koehler , Ankur Moitra , Elchanan Mossel , Govind Ramnarayan

We present a physically-inspired model and an efficient algorithm to infer hierarchical rankings of nodes in directed networks. It assigns real-valued ranks to nodes rather than simply ordinal ranks, and it formalizes the assumption that…

Physics and Society · Physics 2018-06-14 Caterina De Bacco , Daniel B. Larremore , Cristopher Moore

Rank-based approaches are among the most popular nonparametric methods for univariate data in tackling statistical problems such as hypothesis testing due to their robustness and effectiveness. However, they are unsatisfactory for more…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-07-04 Doudou Zhou , Hao Chen

We introduce a boosting algorithm to pre-process data for fairness. Starting from an initial fair but inaccurate distribution, our approach shifts towards better data fitting while still ensuring a minimal fairness guarantee. To do so, it…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-08-16 Alexander Soen , Hisham Husain , Richard Nock

Two-sample tests with censored outcomes are a classical topic in statistics with wide use even in cutting edge applications. There are at least two modes of inference used to justify two-sample tests. One is usual superpopulation inference…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-10-06 Xinran Li , Dylan S. Small

Elections and opinion polls often have many candidates, with the aim to either rank the candidates or identify a small set of winners according to voters' preferences. In practice, voters do not provide a full ranking; instead, each voter…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2019-08-16 Nikhil Garg , Lodewijk Gelauff , Sukolsak Sakshuwong , Ashish Goel

Eliciting preferences from human judgements is inherently imprecise, yet most decision analysis methods force a single priority vector from pairwise comparisons, discarding the information embedded in inconsistencies. We instead leverage…

General Economics · Economics 2026-02-27 Salvatore Greco , Sajid Siraj , Michele Lundy

We consider the predictive problem of supervised ranking, where the task is to rank sets of candidate items returned in response to queries. Although there exist statistical procedures that come with guarantees of consistency in this…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2013-11-27 John C. Duchi , Lester Mackey , Michael I. Jordan

There are many situations where comparison of different groups is of great interest. Considering the ordering of the efficiency of some treatments is an example. We present nonparametric predictive inference (NPI) for the ordering of…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-09-29 Tahani Coolen-Maturi

The Learning to Rank (L2R) research field has experienced a fast paced growth over the last few years, with a wide variety of benchmark datasets and baselines available for experimentation. We here investigate the main assumption behind…

Majority voting is considered an effective method to enhance chain-of-thought reasoning, as it selects the answer with the highest "self-consistency" among different reasoning paths (Wang et al., 2023). However, previous chain-of-thought…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-19 Weiqin Wang , Yile Wang , Hui Huang

Experimental work regularly finds that individual choices are not deterministically rationalized by well-defined preferences. Nonetheless, recent work shows that data collected from many individuals can be stochastically rationalized by a…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2021-10-22 Changkuk Im , John Rehbeck