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In this paper, we study the effect of preferential assistance on cooperation in the donation game. Cooperators provide benefits to their neighbors at some costs. Defectors pay no cost and do not distribute any benefits. The total…

Physics and Society · Physics 2018-08-01 Han-Xin Yang , Zhi-Xi Wu

We have studied an evolutionary game with spatially arranged players who can choose one of the two strategies (named cooperation and defection for social dilemmas) when playing with their neighbors. In addition to the application of the…

Physics and Society · Physics 2013-01-03 Gyorgy Szabo , Attila Szolnoki , Lilla Czako

Understanding and resolving cooperation dilemmas are key challenges in evolutionary game theory, which have revealed several mechanisms to address them. This paper investigates the comprehensive influence of multiple reputation-related…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-04-10 Kai Xie , Attila Szolnoki

While the benefits of common and public goods are shared, they tend to be scarce when contributions are provided voluntarily. Failure to cooperate in the provision or preservation of these goods is fundamental to sustainability challenges,…

General Economics · Economics 2025-08-05 Vítor V. Vasconcelos , Phillip M. Hannam , Simon A. Levin , Jorge M. Pacheco

Pro-social punishment and exclusion are common means to elevate the level of cooperation among unrelated individuals. Indeed, it is worth pointing out that the combined use of these two strategies is quite common across human societies.…

Physics and Society · Physics 2018-12-27 Linjie Liu , Shengxian Wang , Xiaojie Chen , Matjaz Perc

Situations where individuals have to contribute to joint efforts or share scarce resources are ubiquitous. Yet, without proper mechanisms to ensure cooperation, the evolutionary pressure to maximize individual success tends to create a…

Physics and Society · Physics 2010-05-03 Dirk Helbing , Attila Szolnoki , Matjaz Perc , Gyorgy Szabo

We study the combined influence of selection and random fluctuations on the evolutionary dynamics of two-strategy ("cooperation" and "defection") games in populations comprising cooperation facilitators. The latter are individuals that…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2013-11-13 Mauro Mobilia

Collective actions, from city marathons to labor strikes, are often mass-driven and subject to the snowball effect. Motivated by this, we study evolutionary advantages of conditional punishment in the spatial public goods game. Unlike…

Physics and Society · Physics 2013-03-19 Attila Szolnoki , Matjaz Perc

In the framework of the paradigmatic prisoner's dilemma, we investigate the evolutionary dynamics of social dilemmas in the presence of "cooperation facilitators". In our model, cooperators and defectors interact as in the classical…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2012-08-02 Mauro Mobilia

A collective-risk social dilemma implies that personal endowments will be lost if contributions to the common pool within a group are too small. Failure to reach the collective target thus has dire consequences for all group members,…

Physics and Society · Physics 2012-10-25 Xiaojie Chen , Attila Szolnoki , Matjaz Perc

Social networks have a scale-free property and community structure, and many problems in life have the characteristic of public goods, such as resource shortage. Due to different preferences of individuals, there exist individuals who adopt…

Physics and Society · Physics 2022-11-23 Mingzhen Zhang , Naiding Yang , Xianglin Zhu

Free-riding on a joint venture bears the risk of losing personal endowment as the group may fail to reach the collective target due to insufficient contributions. A collective-risk social dilemma emerges, which we here study in the realm of…

Physics and Society · Physics 2012-10-16 Xiaojie Chen , Attila Szolnoki , Matjaz Perc

Addressing both natural and societal challenges requires collective cooperation. Studies on collective-risk social dilemmas have shown that individual decisions are influenced by the perceived risk of collective failure. However, existing…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2026-03-26 Lichen Wang , Shijia Hua , Yuyuan Liu , Liang Zhang , Linjie Liu , Attila Szolnoki

Punishment is a common tactic to sustain cooperation and has been extensively studied for a long time. While most of previous game-theoretic work adopt the imitation learning where players imitate the strategies who are better off, the…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2024-12-20 Chenyang Zhao , Guozhong Zheng , Chun Zhang , Jiqiang Zhang , Li Chen

We study the evolution of cooperation within the spatial prisoner's dilemma game on a square lattice where a fraction of players $\mu$ can spread their strategy more easily than the rest due to a predetermined larger teaching capability. In…

Physics and Society · Physics 2008-12-02 Matjaz Perc , Attila Szolnoki , Gyorgy Szabo

Many real systems are strongly characterized by collective cooperative phenomena whose existence and properties still need a satisfactory explanation. Coherently with their collective nature, they call for new and more accurate descriptions…

Physics and Society · Physics 2020-07-30 Giulio Burgio , Joan T. Matamalas , Sergio Gómez , Alex Arenas

According to the evolutionary game theory principle, a strategy representing a higher payoff can spread among competitors. But there are cases when a player consistently overestimates or underestimates her own payoff, which undermines…

Physics and Society · Physics 2018-09-06 Attila Szolnoki , Xiaojie Chen

Reputation plays a major role in human societies, and it has been proposed as an explanation for the evolution of cooperation. While the majority of previous studies equates reputation with a transparent and complete history of players'…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-08-20 Valerio Capraro , Francesca Giardini , Daniele Vilone , Mario Paolucci

We consider ghetto as a community of people ruled against their will by an external power. Members of the community feel that their laws are broken. However, attempts to leave ghetto makes their situation worse. We discuss the relation of…

Physics and Society · Physics 2009-11-11 Krzysztof Kulakowski

We consider two-player iterated survival games in which players may switch from a more cooperative behavior to a less cooperative one at some step of the game. Payoffs are survival probabilities and lone individuals have to finish the game…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2021-02-18 Olivier Salagnac , John Wakeley