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I will provide a pedagogical introduction to non-Hermitian quantum systems that are PT-symmetric, that is they are left invariant under a simultaneous parity transformation (P) and time-reversal (T). I will explain how generalised versions…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-02-27 Andreas Fring

The dynamics of open quantum systems is determined by avoided and true crossings of eigenvalue trajectories of a non-Hermitian Hamiltonian. The phases of the eigenfunctions are not rigid so that environmentally induced spectroscopic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-09-28 Ingrid Rotter

In this paper we prove the following: (1) The basic error of time-dependent perturbation theory is using the sum of first finite order of perturbed solutions to substitute the exact solution in the divergent interval of the series for…

General Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Z. Junhao

The Hamiltonian H specifies the energy levels and time evolution of a quantum theory. A standard axiom of quantum mechanics requires that H be Hermitian because Hermiticity guarantees that the energy spectrum is real and that time evolution…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 Carl M. Bender

In 1998, Carl Bender challenged the perceived wisdom of quantum mechanics that the Hamiltonian operator describing any quantum mechanical system has to be Hermitian. He showed that Hamiltonians that are invariant under combined parity-time…

In the context of non-Hermitian quantum mechanics, many systems are known to possess a pseudo PT symmetry , i.e. the non-Hermitian Hamiltonian H is related to its adjoint H^{{\dag}} via the relation, H^{{\dag}}=PTHPT . We propose a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-12-29 Mustapha Maamache

Conventional manipulations over quantum systems for such as coherent population trapping and unidirectional transfer focus on Hamiltonian engineering while regarding the system's manifold geometry and constraint equation as secondary…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-08 Zhu-yao Jin , Jun Jing

To find and realize the optimal evolution between two states is significant both in theory and application. In quantum mechanics, the minimal evolution is bounded by the gap between the largest and smallest eigenvalue of the Hamiltonian. In…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-04-29 Chao Zheng , Liang Hao , Gui Lu Long

In recent reports, suggestions have been put forward to the effect that parity and time-reversal (PT) symmetry in quantum mechanics is incompatible with causality. It is shown here, in contrast, that PT-symmetric quantum mechanics is fully…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-04-07 Dorje C. Brody

It is generally assumed that a Hamiltonian for a physically acceptable quantum system (one that has a positive-definite spectrum and obeys the requirement of unitarity) must be Hermitian. However, a PT-symmetric Hamiltonian can also define…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-01-02 Carl M. Bender , Daniel W. Hook

In the literature the $CPT$ theorem has only been established for Hamiltonians that are Hermitian. Here we extend the $CPT$ theorem to quantum field theories with non-Hermitian Hamiltonians. Our derivation is a quite minimal one as it…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2016-11-08 Philip D. Mannheim

Hamiltonian mechanics describes the evolution of a system through its Hamiltonian. The Hamiltonian typically also represents the energy observable, a Noether-conserved quantity associated with the time-invariance of the law of evolution. In…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-03-29 Libo Jiang , Daniel R. Terno , Oscar Dahlsten

Suppose that a system is known to be in one of two quantum states, $|\psi_1 > $ or $|\psi_2 >$. If these states are not orthogonal, then in conventional quantum mechanics it is impossible with one measurement to determine with certainty…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2018-11-28 Carl M. Bender , Dorje C. Brody , Joao Caldeira , Bernard K. Meister

The short-time behavior of the survival probability of a system governed by a time-dependent non-Hermitian Hamiltonian is derived using to the second order perturbative approach. The resulting expression allows for the analysis of some…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-20 Benedetto Militello , Anna Napoli

We study the time evolution of quantum systems with a time-dependent non-Hermitian Hamiltonian given by a linear combination of SU(1,1) and SU(2) generators.With a time-dependent metric, the pseudo-Hermitian invariant operator is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-05-24 Mustapha Maamache , Oum Kaltoum Djeghiour , Walid Koussa , Naima Mana

Entanglement is one of the key feature of quantum world that has no classical counterpart. This arises due to the linear superposition principle and the tensor product structure of the Hilbert space when we deal with multiparticle systems.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-09-14 Arun Kumar Pati

We formulate a set of conditions under which dynamics of a time-dependent quantum Hamiltonian are integrable. The main requirement is the existence of a nonabelian gauge field with zero curvature in the space of system parameters. Known…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-05-16 Nikolai A. Sinitsyn , Emil A. Yuzbashyan , Vladimir Y. Chernyak , Aniket Patra , Chen Sun

While Hermiticity of a time-independent Hamiltonian leads to unitary time evolution, in and of itself, the requirement of Hermiticity is only sufficient for unitary time evolution. In this paper we provide conditions that are both necessary…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2012-11-27 Philip D. Mannheim

Large families of Hamiltonians that are non-Hermitian in the conventional sense have been found to have all eigenvalues real, a fact attributed to an unbroken PT symmetry. The corresponding quantum theories possess an unconventional scalar…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 Zafar Ahmed , Carl M. Bender , M. V. Berry

We study classical Hamiltonian systems in which the intrinsic proper time evolution parameter is related through a probability distribution to the physical time, which is assumed to be discrete. - This is motivated by the ``timeless''…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-25 H. -T. Elze