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A liquid drop impacting a solid surface may splash by emitting a thin liquid sheet that subsequently breaks apart or by promptly ejecting droplets from the advancing liquid-solid contact line. Using high-speed imaging, we show that air…

After impact onto a smooth dry surface, a drop of viscous liquid initially spreads in the form of a thick lamella. If the drop splashes, it first emits a thin fluid sheet that can ultimately break up into droplets causing the splash.…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2015-05-19 Michelle M. Driscoll , Cacey S. Stevens , Sidney R. Nagel

We explore the evolution of a splash when a liquid drop impacts a smooth, dry surface. There are two splashing regimes that occur when the liquid viscosity is varied, as is evidenced by its dependence on ambient gas pressure. A…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2015-06-18 Cacey S. Stevens , Andrzej Latka , Sidney R. Nagel

A drop impacting a solid surface with sufficient velocity will emit many small droplets creating a splash. However, splashing is completely suppressed if the surrounding gas pressure is lowered. The mechanism by which the gas affects…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2015-05-30 Michelle M. Driscoll , Sidney R. Nagel

We investigate the dynamics of drop impact on a thin liquid film at short times in order to identify the mechanisms of splashing formation. Using numerical simulations and scaling analysis, we show that the splashing formation depends both…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2016-08-24 Christophe Josserand , Pascal Ray , Stéphane Zaleski

We investigate the interplay between substrate roughness and surrounding gas pressure in controlling the dynamics of splashing when a liquid drop hits a dry solid surface. We associate two distinct forms of splashing with each of these…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2009-09-29 Lei Xu , Loreto Barcos , Sidney R. Nagel

In most spray coating and deposition applications, the target surface may be initially dry but with continuous drop impact a thin layer of liquid film is formed on which further impingement occurs. An experimental study of the process of…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2023-10-05 Sucharitha Rajendran , MA Jog , RM Manglik

The corona splash due to the impact of a liquid drop on a smooth dry substrate is investigated with high speed photography. A striking phenomenon is observed: splashing can be completely suppressed by decreasing the pressure of the…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2007-05-23 Lei Xu , Wendy W. Zhang , Sidney R. Nagel

Splashing occurs when a liquid drop hits a dry solid surface at high velocity. This paper reports experimental studies of how the splash depends on the roughness and the texture of the surfaces as well as the viscosity of the liquid. For…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2007-06-13 Lei Xu

The ambient gas pressure is determined for the onset of splashing of low-viscosity liquid drops on smooth dry surfaces as we change the control parameters: drop impact velocity, drop radius, viscosity, surface tension, density, and gas…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2015-06-19 Cacey S. Stevens

Making use of experimental and theoretical considerations, in this Letter we deduce a criterion to determine the critical velocity for which a drop impacting a smooth dry surface either spreads over the substrate or disintegrates into…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2014-03-31 Guillaume Riboux , José Manuel Gordillo

Droplets splash when they impact dry, flat substrates above a critical velocity that depends on parameters such as droplet size, viscosity and air pressure. By imaging ethanol drops impacting silicone gels of different stiffnesses we show…

The impact of droplets on liquid pools is ubiquitous in nature and many industrial applications. Most previous studies of droplet impact focus on Newtonian fluids, while less attention has been paid to the impact dynamics of non-Newtonian…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2023-01-18 Xiaoyun Peng , Tianyou Wang , Kai Sun , Zhizhao Che

Formation of a splash crown and a cavity following the impact of a sphere on a body of liquid is a classical problem. In the related problem of a droplet splashing on a flat surface, it has been established that the properties of the…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2022-10-28 Hollis Williams , James Sprittles , Juan C. Padrino , Petr Denissenko

When a fast-moving drop impacts onto a smooth substrate, splashing will be produced at the edge of the expanding liquid sheet. This ubiquitous phenomenon lacks a fundamental understanding. Combining experiment with model, we illustrate that…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2015-09-04 Yuan Liu , Peng Tan , Lei Xu

When a droplet hits a surface fast enough, droplet splashing can occur: smaller secondary droplets detach from the main droplet during impact. While droplet splashing on smooth surfaces is by now well understood, the surface roughness also…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2021-05-05 T. C. de Goede , K. G. de Bruin , N. Shahidzadeh , D. Bonn

We experimentally investigate the splashing mechanism of a millimeter-sized ethanol drop impinging on a structured solid surface, comprised of micro-pillars, through side-view and top-view high speed imaging. By increasing the impact…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2010-10-20 Peichun Tsai , Roeland van der Veen , Matthias van de Raa , Detlef Lohse

Drops impacting on a surface are ubiquitous in our everyday experience. This impact is understood within a commonly accepted hydrodynamic picture: it is initiated by a rapid shock and a subsequent ejection of a sheet leading to beautiful…

The dynamics of drop impact on solid surfaces can be changed significantly by tuning the elasticity of the solid. Most prominently, the substrate deformation causes an increase in the splashing threshold as compared to impact onto perfectly…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2017-11-16 Marise V. Gielen , Riëlle de Ruiter , Jacco H. Snoeijer , Hanneke Gelderblom

We present fluid dynamics videos illustrating wetting splashing-produced by water drop impact onto hydrophobic microstructures at high impact velocity ($\sim 3$ ms$^{-1}$). The substrate consists of regular and transparent microtextures in…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2010-10-18 Peichun Tsai , Maurice Hendrix , Remko Dijkstra , Detlef Lohse
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