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Related papers: Quantum fault tolerance in small experiments

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Recent progress in quantum information has led to the start of several large national and industrial efforts to build a quantum computer. Researchers are now working to overcome many scientific and technological challenges. The program's…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-10-07 John M. Martinis

Large-scale quantum computation will only be achieved if experimentally implementable quantum error correction procedures are devised that can tolerate experimentally achievable error rates. We describe a quantum error correction procedure…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-02-22 David S. Wang , Austin G. Fowler , Lloyd C. L. Hollenberg

In order to use quantum error-correcting codes to actually improve the performance of a quantum computer, it is necessary to be able to perform operations fault-tolerantly on encoded states. I present a general theory of fault-tolerant…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-07-19 Daniel Gottesman

Quantum error correction protects fragile quantum information by encoding it into a larger quantum system. These extra degrees of freedom enable the detection and correction of errors, but also increase the operational complexity of the…

Medium-scale quantum devices that integrate about hundreds of physical qubits are likely to be developed in the near future. However, such devices will lack the resources for realizing quantum fault tolerance. Therefore, the main challenge…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-12-24 Chao Song , Jing Cui , H. Wang , J. Hao , H. Feng , Ying Li

In principle a 1D array of nearest-neighbour linked qubits is compatible with fault tolerant quantum computing. However such a restricted topology necessitates a large overhead for shuffling qubits and consequently the fault tolerance…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-06-12 Ying Li , Simon C. Benjamin

Modular architectures offer a scalable path toward fault-tolerant quantum computing by interconnecting smaller quantum processing units (QPUs) provided that high-rate, fault-tolerant interfaces can be realized across modules. We present a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-05 Frederik K. Marqversen , Gefen Baranes , Maxim Sirotin , Johannes Borregaard

Over the past decade, research in quantum computing has tended to fall into one of two camps: near-term intermediate scale quantum (NISQ) and fault-tolerant quantum computing (FTQC). Yet, a growing body of work has been investigating how to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-09-02 Amara Katabarwa , Katerina Gratsea , Athena Caesura , Peter D. Johnson

Quantum computers will eventually reach a size at which quantum error correction becomes imperative. Quantum information can be protected from qubit imperfections and flawed control operations by encoding a single logical qubit in multiple…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-03-15 N. M. Linke , M. Gutierrez , K. A. Landsman , C. Figgatt , S. Debnath , K. R. Brown , C. Monroe

State of the art quantum computing architectures are founded on the decision to use scalable but faulty quantum hardware in conjunction with an efficient error correcting code capable of tolerating high error rates. The promised effect of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-08-23 Alexandru Paler , Austin G. Fowler , Robert Wille

This paper proves the threshold result, which asserts that quantum computation can be made robust against errors and inaccuracies, when the error rate, $\eta$, is smaller than a constant threshold, $\eta_c$. The result holds for a very…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Dorit Aharonov , Michael Ben-Or

Experiments conducted on open-access cloud-based IBM Quantum devices are presented for characterizing their fault tolerance using $[4,2,2]$-encoded gate sequences. Up to 100 logical gates are activated in the IBMQ Bogota and IBMQ Santiago…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-12-09 Rosie Cane , Daryus Chandra , Soon Xin Ng , Lajos Hanzo

Quantum error correction is necessary to perform large-scale quantum computations in the presence of noise and decoherence. As a result, several aspects of quantum error correction have already been explored. These have been primarily…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-08-05 Ariel Shlosberg , Anthony M. Polloreno , Graeme Smith

The schemes for fault-tolerant postselected quantum computation given in [Knill, Fault-Tolerant Postselected Quantum Computation: Schemes, http://arxiv.org/abs/quant-ph/0402171] are analyzed to determine their error-tolerance. The analysis…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 E. Knill

We show how to realize a general quantum circuit involving gates between arbitrary pairs of qubits by means of geometrically local quantum operations and efficient classical computation. We prove that circuit-level local stochastic noise…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-02-22 Shin Ho Choe , Robert Koenig

An arbitrarily reliable quantum computer can be efficiently constructed from noisy components using a recursive simulation procedure, provided that those components fail with probability less than the fault-tolerance threshold. Recent…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-04-03 K. M. Svore , A. W. Cross , I. L. Chuang , A. V. Aho

It is well understood that a two-dimensional grid of locally-interacting qubits is a promising platform for achieving fault tolerant quantum computing. However in the near-future, it may prove less challenging to develop lower dimensional…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-11-28 Adam Siegel , Armands Strikis , Michael Fogarty

Fault-tolerant quantum computing requires gates which function correctly despite the presence of errors, and are scalable if the error probability-per-gate is below a threshold value. To date, no method has been described for calculating…

Achieving fault-tolerant quantum computation (FTQC) demands simultaneous progress in physical qubit performance and quantum error correction (QEC). This work reviews and benchmarks experimental advancements towards FTQC across leading…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-08 François-Marie Le Régent

Proving threshold theorems for fault-tolerant quantum computation is a burdensome endeavor with many moving parts that come together in relatively formulaic but lengthy ways. It is difficult and rare to combine elements from multiple papers…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-15 Zhiyang He , Quynh T. Nguyen , Christopher A. Pattison