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We construct explicitly generators of projectable four-dimensional diffeomorphisms and triad rotation gauge symmetries in a model of vacuum gravity where the fundamental dynamical variables in a Palatini formulation are taken to be a lapse,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-25 J. M. Pons , D. C. Salisbury , L. C. Shepley

We give an overview of some conceptual difficulties, sometimes called paradoxes, that have puzzled for years the physical interpetation of classical canonical gravity and, by extension, the canonical formulation of generally covariant…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-05-18 J. M. Pons , D. C. Salisbury , K. A. Sundermeyer

A class of diffeomorphism invariant, physical observables, so-called astrometric observables, is introduced. A particularly simple example, the time delay, which expresses the difference between two initially synchronized proper time clocks…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2012-06-26 Igor Khavkine

In its canonical formulation, general relativity is subject to gauge transformations that are equivalent to space-time coordinate changes of general covariance only when the gauge generators, given by the Hamiltonian and diffeomorphism…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-10-31 Martin Bojowald , Erick I. Duque

We introduce a general approximation scheme in order to calculate gauge invariant observables in the canonical formulation of general relativity. Using this scheme we will show how the observables and the dynamics of field theories on a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Bianca Dittrich , Johannes Tambornino

We discuss the canonical structure of a spacetime version of the radial gauge, i.e. Gau{\ss}ian normal spacetime coordinates. While it was found for the spatial version of the radial gauge that a "local" algebra of observables can be…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-01-19 Norbert Bodendorfer , Paweł Duch , Jerzy Lewandowski , Jędrzej Świeżewski

We describe a completely general and fully non-perturbative framework for constructing dynamical reference frames in generally covariant theories, and for understanding the gauge-invariant observables that they yield. Our approach makes use…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2022-06-06 Christophe Goeller , Philipp A. Hoehn , Josh Kirklin

We investigate the action of diffeomorphisms in the context of Hamiltonian Gravity. By considering how the diffeomorphism-invariant Hilbert space of Loop Quantum Gravity should be constructed, we formulate a physical principle by demanding,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Tim Koslowski

Models of gravity in warped extra dimensions enjoy invariance under diffeomorphism. We derive the nonlinear transformation rules for the metric perturbations in the unitary gauge. As an off-shell symmetry, the main consequence of…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2026-04-03 Haiying Cai , Giacomo Cacciapaglia

Quantum gauge theory in the connection representation uses functions of holonomies as configuration observables. Physical observables (gauge and diffeomorphism invariant) are represented in the Hilbert space of physical states; physical…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-08-31 Jose A. Zapata

Quantum field theory - our basic framework for describing all non-gravitational physics - conflicts with general relativity: the latter precludes the standard definition of the former's essential principle of locality, in terms of commuting…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2016-11-23 William Donnelly , Steven B. Giddings

In the Hamiltonian formulation of general relativity, Einstein's equation is replaced by a set of four constraints. Classically, the constraints can be identified with the generators of the hypersurface-deformation Lie algebroid (HDA) that…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2018-08-08 Martin Bojowald , Suddhasattwa Brahma , Umut Buyukcam , Michele Ronco

We examine the relationships between the differential invariants of objects and of their images under a surjective map. We analyze both the case when the underlying transformation group is projectable and hence induces an action on the…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2015-09-23 Irina A. Kogan , Peter J. Olver

Diffeomorphism-induced symmetry transformations and time evolution are distinct operations in generally covariant theories formulated in phase space. Time is not frozen. Diffeomorphism invariants are consequently not necessarily constants…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-11 J. M. Pons , D. C. Salisbury

We derive for generally covariant theories the generic dependency of observables on the original fields, corresponding to coordinate-dependent gauge fixings. This gauge choice is equivalent to a choice of intrinsically defined coordinates…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-29 J. M. Pons , D. C. Salisbury , K. A. Sundermeyer

We will pick up the concepts of partial and complete observables introduced by Rovelli in order to construct Dirac observables in gauge systems. We will generalize these ideas to an arbitrary number of gauge degrees of freedom. Different…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 B. Dittrich

In her recent work, Dittrich generalized Rovelli's idea of partial observables to construct Dirac observables for constrained systems to the general case of an arbitrary first class constraint algebra with structure functions rather than…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-10 Thomas Thiemann

We consider in detail the problem of gauge dependence that exists in relativistic perturbation theory, going beyond the linear approximation and treating second and higher order perturbations. We first derive some mathematical results…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-28 Marco Bruni , Sabino Matarrese , Silvia Mollerach , Sebastiano Sonego

We show in detail how the histories description of general relativity carries representations of both the spacetime diffeomorphisms group and the Dirac algebra of constraints. We show that the introduction of metric-dependent equivariant…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-10 Ntina Savvidou

The canonical quantisation of General Relativity including matter on a spacetime manifold in the globally hyperbolic setting involves in particular the representation theory of the spatial diffeomorphism group (SDG), and/or its Lie algebra…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-05-03 Thomas Thiemann