Related papers: GMM-Free Flat Start Sequence-Discriminative DNN Tr…

Deep Neural Network (DNN) acoustic models often use discriminative sequence training that optimises an objective function that better approximates the word error rate (WER) than frame-based training. Sequence training is normally…

Hidden Markov Model (HMM) combined with Gaussian Process (GP) emission can be effectively used to estimate the hidden state with a sequence of complex input-output relational observations. Especially when the spectral mixture (SM) kernel is…

Conventional deep neural networks (DNN) for speech acoustic modeling rely on Gaussian mixture models (GMM) and hidden Markov model (HMM) to obtain binary class labels as the targets for DNN training. Subword classes in speech recognition…

When training a Neural Network, it is optimized using the available training data with the hope that it generalizes well to new or unseen testing data. At the same absolute value, a flat minimum in the loss landscape is presumed to…

We present an approach for efficiently training Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM) by Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) with non-stationary, high-dimensional streaming data. Our training scheme does not require data-driven parameter…

Semi-supervised learning algorithms reduce the high cost of acquiring labeled training data by using both labeled and unlabeled data during learning. Deep Convolutional Networks (DCNs) have achieved great success in supervised tasks and as…

Neural networks in general, from MLPs and CNNs to attention-based Transformers, are constructed from layers of linear combinations followed by nonlinear operations such as ReLU, Sigmoid, or Softmax. Despite their strength, these…

Gaussian Mixture Models (GMMs) range among the most frequently used models in machine learning. However, training large, general GMMs becomes computationally prohibitive for datasets that have many data points $N$ of high-dimensionality…

This paper presents a new optimisation approach to train Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) with discriminative sequence criteria. At each iteration, the method combines information from the Natural Gradient (NG) direction with local curvature…

Deep Neural Network--Hidden Markov Model (DNN-HMM) based methods have been successfully used for many always-on keyword spotting algorithms that detect a wake word to trigger a device. The DNN predicts the state probabilities of a given…

Training deep neural network is a high dimensional and a highly non-convex optimization problem. Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) algorithm and it's variations are the current state-of-the-art solvers for this task. However, due to…

This paper presents a novel natural gradient and Hessian-free (NGHF) optimisation framework for neural network training that can operate efficiently in a distributed manner. It relies on the linear conjugate gradient (CG) algorithm to…

The recent emergence of deep learning has led to a great deal of work on designing supervised deep semantic segmentation algorithms. As in many tasks sufficient pixel-level labels are very difficult to obtain, we propose a method which…

Frame alignments can be computed by different methods in GMM-based speaker verification. By incorporating a phonetic Gaussian mixture model (PGMM), we are able to compare the performance using alignments extracted from the deep neural…

Machine Learning (ML) applications are proliferating in the enterprise. Relational data which are prevalent in enterprise applications are typically normalized; as a result, data has to be denormalized via primary/foreign-key joins to be…

Restricted Boltzmann machines (RBMs) and their extensions, called 'deep-belief networks', are powerful neural networks that have found applications in the fields of machine learning and artificial intelligence. The standard way to training…

We present Gaussian Mixture Replay (GMR), a rehearsal-based approach for continual learning (CL) based on Gaussian Mixture Models (GMM). CL approaches are intended to tackle the problem of catastrophic forgetting (CF), which occurs for Deep…

Second-order methods for neural network optimization have several advantages over methods based on first-order gradient descent, including better scaling to large mini-batch sizes and fewer updates needed for convergence. But they are…

We introduce a Gaussian Prototype Layer for gradient-based prototype learning and demonstrate two novel network architectures for explainable segmentation one of which relies on region proposals. Both models are evaluated on agricultural…

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have demonstrated promising results in various complex tasks. However, current DNNs encounter challenges with over-parameterization, especially when there is limited training data available. To enhance the…