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This paper presents a self-optimizing solution for Mobility Load Balancing (MLB). The MLB-SON is performed in two phases. In the first, a MLB controller is designed using Multi-Objective Particle Swarm Optimization (MO-PSO) which…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2014-01-28 Zwi Altman , Soumaya Sallem , Ridha Nasri , Berna Sayrac , Maurice Clerc

The long-Term Evolution (LTE) of the 3GPP (3rd Generation Partnership Project) radio access network is in early stage of specification. Self-tuning and self-optimisation algorithms are currently studied with the aim of enriching the LTE…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2013-07-05 Ridha Nasri , Zwi Altman

Mobility management in cellular networks faces increasing complexity due to network densification and heterogeneous user mobility characteristics. Traditional handover (HO) mechanisms, which rely on predefined parameters such as A3-offset…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Mohamed Benzaghta , Sahar Ammar , David López-Pérez , Basem Shihada , Giovanni Geraci

A key feature of the packet scheduler in LTE system is that it can allocate resources both in the time and frequency domain. Furthermore, the scheduler is acquainted with channel state information periodically reported by user equipments…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2014-10-01 Mattia Carpin , Andrea Zanella , Jawad Rasool , Kashif Mahmood , Ole Grøndalen , Olav N. Østerbø

LTE femtocells have been widely deployed to increase network capacity and to offload mobile data traffic from macrocells. While cellular users' mobility behaviors are taken into consideration, a dilemma is formed: Should a User Equipment…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2016-07-14 Wei-Han Chen , Yi Ren , Chia-Wei Chang , Jyh-Cheng Chen

In this paper, we propose a deep reinforcement learning (DRL) based mobility load balancing (MLB) algorithm along with a two-layer architecture to solve the large-scale load balancing problem for ultra-dense networks (UDNs). Our…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-03 Yue Xu , Wenjun Xu , Zhi Wang , Jiaru Lin , Shuguang Cui

As one of the Coordinated Multipoint (CoMP) techniques, Joint Transmission (JT) can improve the overall system performance. In this paper, from the load balancing perspective, we study how the maximum load can be reduced by optimizing JT…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-06-23 Lei You , Lei Lei , Di Yuan

During the past few decades wireless technology has seen a tremendous growth. The recent introduction of high-end mobile devices has further increased subscriber's demand for high bandwidth. Current cellular systems require manual…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2014-12-24 Sumita Mishra , Nidhi Mathur

Future cellular networks will be dense and require key traffic management technologies for fine-grained network control. The problem gets more complicated in the presence of different network segments with bottleneck links limiting the…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2019-06-10 Furqan Hameed Khan , Marius Portmann

LTE is an emerging wireless data communication technology to provide broadband ubiquitous Internet access. Femtocells are included in 3GPP since Release 8 to enhance the indoor network coverage and capacity. The main challenge of mobility…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2014-11-12 Pantha Ghosal , Shouman Barua , Ramprasad Subramanian , Shiqi Xing , Kumbesan Sandrasegaran

This paper explains the enhancement of handover processes in GSM networks by using Load balancing algorithms (Round Robin), comparing the results with the real system to determine the improvement percentage.

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2016-05-05 Dina Farouk ALtayeb Ali , Fatima abdelgani Mustafa , Mohamed Osman Mustafa Fdolelsid

We propose a self-organization scheme for cost-effective and load-balanced routing in multi-hop networks. To avoid overloading nodes that provide favourable routing conditions, we assign each node with a cost function that penalizes high…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2018-08-18 Mihai-Alin Badiu , David Saad , Justin P. Coon

In this paper we have studied downlink packet scheduling algorithms proposed for LTE cellular networks. The study emphasize on three most promising scheduling algorithms such as: FLS, EXP rule and LOG rule. The performance of these three…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2014-08-27 Biswapratapsingh Sahoo

Code offloading refers to partitioning software and migrating the mobile codes to other computational entities for processing. Often when a large number of mobile codes need to be distributed to many heterogenous hosts, this can easily lead…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-08-31 Nevin Vunka Jungum , Nawaz Mohamudally , Nimal Nissanke

We consider the problem of transmission energy op- timization via range assignment for Low Power Nodes (LPNs) in Long Term Evolution (LTE) Heterogenous Networks (HetNets). The optimization is subject to the load coupling model, where the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-06-23 Lei You , Lei Lei , Di Yuan

This paper develops a comprehensive framework to investigate and optimize the downlink performance of cooperative multi-band networks (MBNs) operating on upper mid-band (UMB) and terahertz (THz) frequencies, where base stations (BSs) in…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-30 Mohammad Amin Saeidi , Hina Tabassum

5G heterogeneous networks (HetNets) can provide higher network coverage and system capacity to the user by deploying massive small base stations (BSs) within the 4G macro system. However, the large-scale deployment of small BSs…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2021-03-02 Qianyu Liu , Chiew Foong Kwong , Sun Wei , Sijia Zhou , Lincan Li

Narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT) is a new Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN) technology released by 3GPP. The primary goals of NB-IoT are improved coverage, massive capacity, low cost, and long battery life. In order to improve…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2019-02-26 Sahithya Ravi , Pouria Zand , Mohieddine El Soussi , Majid Nabi

Data load balancing is a challenging task in the P2P systems. Distributed hash table (DHT) abstraction, heterogeneous nodes, and non uniform distribution of objects are the reasons to cause load imbalance in structured P2P overlay networks.…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2016-02-16 Seyed Iman Mirrezaei , Javad Shahparian

HandOver (HO) control in cellular networks is governed by a set of HO control parameters that are traditionally configured through rule-based heuristics. A key parameter for HO optimization is the Cell Individual Offset (CIO), defined for…

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