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A brief review is given of some well-known and some very recent results obtained in studies of two- and three-dimensional (2D and 3D) solitons. Both zero-vorticity (fundamental) solitons and ones carrying vorticity S = 1 are considered.…

Quantum Gases · Physics 2016-12-21 Boris A. Malomed

The marriage between a two-dimensional layered material (2DLM) and a complex transition metal oxide (TMO) results in a variety of physical and chemical phenomena that would not have been achieved in either material alone. Interesting recent…

Materials Science · Physics 2019-05-09 Kyeong Tae Kang , Jeongmin Park , Dongseok Suh , Woo Seok Choi

Recent experimental discoveries of graphene-stabilized patches of two-dimensional (2D) metals have motivated also their computational studies. However, so far the studies have been restricted to ideal and infinite 2D metallic monolayers,…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2018-09-26 Janne Nevalaita , Pekka Koskinen

The elemental two-dimensional (2D) materials such as graphene, silicene, germanene, and black phosphorus have attracted considerable attention due to their fascinating physical properties. Structurally they possess the honeycomb or…

Materials Science · Physics 2016-05-18 Ping Li , Weidong Luo

Since its discovery in 2004, graphene, a two-dimensional hexagonal carbon allotrope, has generated great interest and spurred research activity from materials science to particle physics and vice versa. In particular, graphene has been…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2010-11-03 Joaquín E. Drut , Timo A. Lähde , Eero Tölö

Two-dimensional (2D) materials can roll up, forming stable scrolls under suitable conditions. However, the great diversity of materials and fabrication techniques has resulted in a huge parameter space significantly complicating the…

Materials Science · Physics 2021-10-12 Maxim Trushin , A. H. Castro Neto

Crystalline two-dimensional (2D) materials such as graphene possess unique physical properties absent in their bulk form, enabling many novel device applications. Yet, little is known about their amorphous counterparts, which can be…

Materials Science · Physics 2022-05-25 Duyu Chen , Yu Zheng , Lei Liu , Ge Zhang , Mohan Chen , Yang Jiao , Houlong Zhuang

Low-symmetry 2D materials---such as ReS$_2$ and ReSe$_2$ monolayers, black phosphorus monolayers, group-IV monochalcogenide monolayers, borophene, among others---have more complex atomistic structures than the honeycomb lattices of…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2020-10-28 Salvador Barraza-Lopez , Fengnian Xia , Wenjuan Zhu , Han Wang

Ultrathin semiconductors present various novel electronic properties. The first experimental realized two-dimensional (2D) material is graphene. Searching 2D materials with heavy elements bring the attention to Si, Ge and Sn. 2D buckled…

Two-dimensional (2D) materials have disrupted materials science due to the development of van der Waals technology. It enables the stacking of ultrathin layers of materials characterized by vastly different electronic structures to create…

We present a theoretical framework for nonlinear optics of graphene and other 2D materials in layered structures. We derive a key equation to find the effective electric field and the sheet current density in the 2D material for given…

Optics · Physics 2018-12-27 J. L. Cheng , J. E. Sipe , N. Vermeulen , C. Guo

Since the discovery of graphene -a single layer of carbon atoms arranged in a honeycomb lattice - it was clear that this truly is a unique material system with an unprecedented combination of physical properties. Graphene is the thinnest…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2011-05-10 S. Russo , M. F. Craciun , T. Khodkov , M. Koshino , M. Yamamoto , S. Tarucha

This article offers a comprehensive survey of results obtained for solitons and complex nonlinear wave patterns supported by purely nonlinear lattices (NLs), which represent a spatially periodic modulation of the local strength and sign of…

Optics · Physics 2015-05-20 Yaroslav V. Kartashov , Boris A. Malomed , Lluis Torner

Two-dimensional (2D) materials have garnered significant attention due to their unique properties and broad application potential. Building on the success of goldene, a monolayer lattice of gold atoms, we explore its proposed silver and…

Quantum confinement endows two-dimensional (2D) layered materials with exceptional physics and novel properties compared to their bulk counterparts. Although certain two- and few-layer configurations of graphene have been realized and…

The spectrum of two-dimensional (2D) materials beyond graphene offers a remarkable platform to study new phenomena in condensed matter physics. Among these materials, layered hexagonal boron nitride (hBN), with its wide bandgap energy…

Monolayer structures made up of purely one kind of atoms are fascinating. Many kinds of honeycomb systems including carbon, silicon, germanium, tin, phosphorus and arsenic have been shown to be stable. However, so far the structures are…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-08-25 C. Kamal , Aparna Chakrabarti , Motohiko Ezawa

Graphynes and graphdiynes are carbon 2D allotrope structures presenting both sp2 and sp hybridized atoms. These materials have been theoretically predicted but due to intrinsic difficulties in their synthesis, only recently some of these…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2017-02-21 Daniel Solis , Cristiano F. Woellner , Daiane D. Borges , Douglas S. Galvao

Implementing new materials as alternative to silicon for application in photonic devices has been the center of attention in the scientific community. Two-Dimensional (2D) materials have shown a great capacity to be next alternative to…

Recently a new group of two dimensional (2D) materials, originating from the group V elements (pnictogens), has gained global attention owing to their outstanding properties.