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Equation discovery is aimed at directly extracting physical laws from data and has emerged as a pivotal research domain. Previous methods based on symbolic mathematics have achieved substantial advancements, but often require the design of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Mengge Du , Yuntian Chen , Zhongzheng Wang , Longfeng Nie , Dongxiao Zhang

Despite a growing interest in diffusion-based language models, existing work has not shown that these models can attain nontrivial likelihoods on standard language modeling benchmarks. In this work, we take the first steps towards closing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-31 Ishaan Gulrajani , Tatsunori B. Hashimoto

Large language models (LLMs) have proven to be highly effective for solving complex reasoning tasks. Surprisingly, their capabilities can often be improved by iterating on previously generated solutions. In this context, a reasoning plan…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-05 MohammadHossein Bateni , Vincent Cohen-Addad , Yuzhou Gu , Silvio Lattanzi , Simon Meierhans , Christopher Mohri

This paper aims to address the challenge of sparse and missing data in recommendation systems, a significant hurdle in the age of big data. Traditional imputation methods struggle to capture complex relationships within the data. We propose…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-08-09 Zhicheng Ding , Jiahao Tian , Zhenkai Wang , Jinman Zhao , Siyang Li

The integration of large language models (LLMs) into automated algorithm design has shown promising potential. A prevalent approach embeds LLMs within search routines to iteratively generate and refine candidate algorithms. However, most…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Fei Liu , Rui Zhang , Xi Lin , Zhichao Lu , Qingfu Zhang

We propose a formalism for representation of finite languages, referred to as the class of IDL-expressions, which combines concepts that were only considered in isolation in existing formalisms. The suggested applications are in natural…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2011-07-04 M. J. Nederhof , G. Satta

Large language models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT have received immense interest for their general-purpose language understanding and, in particular, their ability to generate high-quality text or computer code. For many professions, LLMs…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-03 Simon Frieder , Julius Berner , Philipp Petersen , Thomas Lukasiewicz

While neural network approaches are achieving breakthrough performance in the natural language related fields, there have been few similar attempts at mathematical language related tasks. In this study, we explore the potential of applying…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2017-08-30 Liangcai Gao , Zhuoren Jiang , Yue Yin , Ke Yuan , Zuoyu Yan , Zhi Tang

This literature review studies the field of automated process extraction, i.e., transforming textual descriptions into structured processes using Natural Language Processing (NLP). We found that Machine Learning (ML) / Deep Learning (DL)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-24 William Van Woensel , Soroor Motie

Language model (LM) pre-training is useful in many language processing tasks. But can pre-trained LMs be further leveraged for more general machine learning problems? We propose an approach for using LMs to scaffold learning and…

Recently multi-lingual pre-trained language models (PLM) such as mBERT and XLM-R have achieved impressive strides in cross-lingual dense retrieval. Despite its successes, they are general-purpose PLM while the multilingual PLM tailored for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-08 Shunyu Zhang , Yaobo Liang , Ming Gong , Daxin Jiang , Nan Duan

The handling of probabilities in the form of uncertainty or partial information is an essential task for LLMs in many settings and applications. A common approach to evaluate an LLM's probabilistic reasoning capabilities is to assess its…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Manuel Mondal , Ljiljana Dolamic , Gérôme Bovet , Philippe Cudré-Mauroux , Julien Audiffren

In natural language, words and phrases themselves imply the semantics. In contrast, the meaning of identifiers in mathematical formulae is undefined. Thus scientists must study the context to decode the meaning. The Mathematical Language…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2019-07-02 Robert Pagael , Moritz Schubotz

Employing Large Language Models (LLMs) to address mathematical problems is an intriguing research endeavor, considering the abundance of math problems expressed in natural language across numerous science and engineering fields. LLMs, with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-01 Yiran Wu , Feiran Jia , Shaokun Zhang , Hangyu Li , Erkang Zhu , Yue Wang , Yin Tat Lee , Richard Peng , Qingyun Wu , Chi Wang

Large language models (LLMs) have recently shown strong reasoning capabilities beyond traditional language tasks, motivating their use for numerical optimization. This paper presents LLMize, an open-source Python framework that enables…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-06 M. Rizki Oktavian

The current era of natural language processing (NLP) has been defined by the prominence of pre-trained language models since the advent of BERT. A feature of BERT and models with similar architecture is the objective of masked language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-04 Ed S. Ma

Large Language Models (LLMs) have revolutionized programming and software engineering. AI programming assistants such as GitHub Copilot X enable conversational programming, narrowing the gap between human intent and code generation.…

Mathematical reasoning serves as a cornerstone for assessing the fundamental cognitive capabilities of human intelligence. In recent times, there has been a notable surge in the development of Large Language Models (LLMs) geared towards the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-18 Janice Ahn , Rishu Verma , Renze Lou , Di Liu , Rui Zhang , Wenpeng Yin

Large language models (LLMs) have shown remarkable performance across various sentence-based linguistic phenomena, yet their ability to capture cross-sentence paradigmatic patterns, such as verb alternations, remains underexplored. In this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Giuseppe Samo , Paola Merlo

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly expected to handle complex decision-making tasks, yet their ability to perform structured resource allocation remains underexplored. Evaluating their reasoning is also difficult due to data…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Sankarshan Damle , Boi Faltings