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Cross-sections of cell shapes in a tissue monolayer typically resemble a tiling of convex polygons. Yet, examples exist where the polygons are not convex with curved cell-cell interfaces, as seen in the adaxial epidermis. To date,…
We say that a tile is $\sigma$-morphic if it tiles the plane in exactly $\aleph_0$ many noncongruent ways (up to an isometry). It is an unsolved problem of whether a $\sigma$-morphic tile exist in the plane. In this note we present a…
Cellular Automata (CA) are commonly investigated as a particular type of dynamical systems, defined by shift-invariant local rules. In this paper, we consider instead CA as algebraic systems, focusing on the combinatorial designs induced by…
We say that a Cellular Automata (CA) is coalescing when its execution on two distinct (random) initial configurations in the same asynchronous mode (the same cells are updated in each configuration at each time step) makes both…
An effort has been made to show mathematicians some new ideas applied to image analysis. Gray images are presented as tilings. Based on topological properties of the tiling, a number of gray convex hulls: maximal, minimal, and oriented ones…
Let L:= Z^D be the D-dimensional lattice and let A^L be the Cantor space of L-indexed configurations in some finite alphabet A, with the natural L-action by shifts. A `cellular automaton' is a continuous, shift-commuting self-map F of A^L,…
Wolfram has provided a qualitative classification of cellular automata(CA) rules according to which, there exits a class of CA rules (called Class 4) which exhibit complex pattern formation and long-lived dynamical activity (long…
Column-convex polygons were first counted by area several decades ago, and the result was found to be a simple, rational, generating function. In this chapter we generalize that result. Let a p-column polyomino be a polyomino whose columns…
Parallelogram polyominoes are a subclass of convex polyominoes in the square lattice that has been studied extensively in the literature. Recently congruence classes of convex polyominoes with respect to rotations and reflections have been…
We prove a Kleene theorem for higher-dimensional automata. It states that the languages they recognise are precisely the rational subsumption-closed sets of finite interval pomsets. The rational operations on these languages include a…
A tromino tiling problem is a packing puzzle where we are given a region of connected lattice squares and we want to decide whether there exists a tiling of the region using trominoes with the shape of an L. In this work we study a slight…
The capabilities of large language models (LLMs) have sparked debate over whether such systems just learn an enormous collection of superficial statistics or a set of more coherent and grounded representations that reflect the real world.…
The paper proposes a simple formalism for dealing with deterministic, non-deterministic and stochastic cellular automata in a unifying and composable manner. Armed with this formalism, we extend the notion of intrinsic simulation between…
We propose a new two-dimensional meshing algorithm called PINW able to generate meshes that accurately approximate the distance between any two domain points by paths composed only of cell edges. This technique is based on an extension of…
The cellular automata (CA) approach to traffic modeling is extended to allow for spatially homogeneous steady state solutions that cover a two dimensional region in the flow-density plane. Hence these models fulfill a basic postulate of a…
In this paper, we explore relationships between two models of systems which are governed by only the local interactions of large collections of simple components: cellular automata (CA) and the abstract Tile Assembly Model (aTAM). While…
We propose a characteristic representation ofone-dimensional and 2-state, 3-neighbor cellular automaton rules, which describes an effective form of each rule after many time steps. Simulated results of the representation show that complex…
A popular concept which describes the structure of polymer interfaces by ``intrinsic profiles'' centered around a two dimensional surface, the ``local interface position'', is tested by extensive Monte Carlo simulations of interfaces…
We have determined families of two-dimensional deterministic totalistic cellular automaton rules whose stationary density of active sites exhibits a period two in time. Each family of deterministic rules is characterized by an ``average…
Probing the ability of automata networks to solve decision problems has received a continuous attention in the literature, and specially with the automata reaching the answer by distributed consensus, i.e., their all taking on a same state,…